A History of Science — Volume 2Williams, Henry Smith
History
A History of Science — Volume 2
Williams, Henry Smith
Science -- History
This immense structure is said to have contained four courts, each
having a fountain in the centre; lecture-halls, wards for isolating
certain diseases, and a department that corresponded to the modern
hospital's "out-patient" department. The yearly endowment amounted to
something like the equivalent of one hundred and twenty-five thousand
dollars. A novel feature was a hall where musicians played day and
night, and another where story-tellers were employed, so that persons
troubled with insomnia were amused and melancholiacs cheered. Those of a
religious turn of mind could listen to readings of the Koran, conducted
continuously by a staff of some fifty chaplains. Each patient on leaving
the hospital received some gold pieces, that he need not be obliged to
attempt hard labor at once.
In considering the astonishing tales of these sumptuous Arabian
institutions, it should be borne in mind that our accounts of them are,
for the most part, from Mohammedan sources. Nevertheless, there can be
little question that they were enormous institutions, far surpassing any
similar institutions in western Europe. The so-called hospitals in the
West were, at this time, branches of monasteries under supervision of
the monks, and did not compare favorably with the Arabian hospitals.
But while the medical science of the Mohammedans greatly overshadowed
that of the Christians during this period, it did not completely
obliterate it. About the year 1000 A.D. came into prominence the
Christian medical school at Salerno, situated on the Italian coast, some
thirty miles southeast of Naples. Just how long this school had been
in existence, or by whom it was founded, cannot be determined, but its
period of greatest influence was the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth
centuries. The members of this school gradually adopted Arabic medicine,
making use of many drugs from the Arabic pharmacopoeia, and this formed
one of the stepping-stones to the introduction of Arabian medicine all
through western Europe.
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