A second performance in this sort is the _Altobiskarko Cantua_ (_Song of Altobiskar_). Altobiskar is a hill near Roncesvalles, where the Basques are said to have defeated Charlemagne; and the song commemorates the victory. Written in a rhythm without fellow in the Basque metres, it contains names like Roland and Ganelon, which are in themselves proofs of French origin; but, as it has been widely received as genuine, the facts concerning it must be told. First written in French (_circa_ 1833) by François Eugène Garay de Monglave, it was translated into very indifferent Basque by a native of Espelette named Louis Duhalde, then a student in Paris. The too-renowned _Altobiskarko Cantua_ is therefore a simple hoax: one might as well attribute _Rule Britannia_ to Boadicea. The conquerors of Roncesvalles wrote no triumphing song: three centuries later the losers immortalised their own overthrow in the _Chanson de Roland_, where the disaster is credited to the Arabs, and the Basques are merely mentioned by the way. Early in the twelfth century there was written a Latin _Chronicle_ ascribed to Archbishop Turpin, an historical personage who ruled the see of Rheims some two hundred years before his false _Chronicle_ was written. The opening chapters of this fictitious history are probably due to an anonymous Spanish monk cloistered at Santiago de Compostela; and it is barely possible that this late source was utilised by such modern Basques as José María Goizcueta, who retouched and "restored" the _Altobiskarko Cantua_ in ignorant good faith.