_Population of the capital--negroes--nocturnal clamour of reptiles--vampire hat--state of literature--jealousy--dead bodies--military--bank--revenue--imposts--diamonds--visit to Campinha--tenure of lands--proof of fertility--Swiss emigrants--visit to the cascades of Tejuca--commerce--judicial procedure--pauta and convention--new exchange--foundation of English church--towns, villages, and productions of the comarca of Rio de Janeiro--boundaries, productions, rivers, lakes, and povoaçoes of the comarca of Cape Frio--boundaries, Indians, rivers, lakes, towns, and sugar-works of the comarca of Goytacazes--boundaries, Coroado Indians, and povoaçoes of the comarca of Canta Gallo_ 72 CHAP. V. PROVINCE OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL. _Colonization--boundaries--climate--aspect and productions--contests between Spaniards and Portuguese--divisionary line between these two powers--opposition by the Indians of the seven missions--their defeat--revived contests between Spaniards and Portuguese--mountains--rivers--lakes--capes and ports--islands--mineralogy--phytology--zoology--large fazendas for breeding cattle--mode of management--sheep-flocks--use of the laço and balls--towns, nature of exports, villages, &c. including those of the district of Monte Video_ 110 CHAP. VI. PROVINCE OF PARANNA. _Boundaries--climate--productions--Matte the most lucrative--first discoverers--proceedings of the Spanish Jesuits--Guarani Indians formed into reduções, or villages--nature of those missions--expulsion of the Jesuits--delivery of the missions to other ecclesiastics--their decay--mountains--mineralogy--rivers and lakes--phytology--zoology--towns, parishes, &c.--remaining establishments of the Jesuitical missions_ 134 CHAP. VII. PROVINCE OF URUGUAY. _Foundation of aldeias, called missions, by the Spanish Jesuits for the Tappe Indians--flourish till the expulsion of that sect--subsequent decay--war between the Spaniards and Portuguese--conquest of the seven missions by the latter power in 1801--governor sent--boundaries--mountains--rivers--phytology--zoology--names and population of the seven missions at their conquest_ 145 CHAP. VIII. PROVINCE OF ST. CATHARINA. _Boundaries--colonization--productions--mountains--mineralogy --phytology--zoology--rivers, lakes, and ports--towns, parishes, &c.--agricultural establishments--population --islands--delightful climate_ 151 CHAP. IX. PROVINCE OF ST. PAULO.