A History of the British Army, Vol. 2: First Part—to the Close of the Seven Years' WarFortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
History
A History of the British Army, Vol. 2: First Part—to the Close of the Seven Years' War
Fortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
Great Britain -- History, Military; Great Britain. Army -- History
Such aggression, failure though it was, naturally led the English
to make reprisals; and in September a British squadron sailed from
Spithead with four thousand troops on board for a descent on the
Spanish coast. The original object of the expedition had been an
attack on Corunna, but Lord Cobham,[9] who was in command, thought
the enterprise too hazardous, and turned his arms against Vigo. The
town being weakly held was at once surrendered, and the citadel
capitulated after a few days of siege. A considerable quantity of
arms and stores, which had been prepared for Ormonde's expedition,
was captured, and with this small advantage to his credit, Cobham
re-embarked his troops for England.[10] Shortly afterwards Alberoni
opened negotiations for peace, which he purchased at the cost of
his own dismissal. The treaty was signed on the 19th of January
1720, and England entered upon twenty years of unbroken peace.
[Sidenote: 1722.]
But before I touch upon the history of that peace I may be allowed
to advance two years to record an event which may fittingly close
the first thirty years of conflict with Jacobitism and its allies.
On the 16th of June 1722 died John, Duke of Marlborough. Constantly
during his later campaigns he had suffered from giddiness and
headache, and in May 1716 the shock caused by the death of his
daughter, Lady Sunderland, brought on him a paralytic stroke. He
rallied, but was struck down a second time in November of the same
year; and although, contrary to the received opinion, he again
rallied, preserving his speech, his memory, and his understanding
little impaired, yet it was evident that his life's work was done.
In the few years that remained to him he still attended the House
of Lords, spending the session of 1721 as usual in London, and
retiring at its close to Windsor Lodge. There at the beginning of
June in the following year he was smitten for the third time, and
after lingering several days, helpless but conscious, he at dawn of
the 16th passed peacefully away.
On the 14th of July the body was brought to Marlborough House.
In those days London was empty at that season, and only in Hyde
Park, where the whole of the household troops were encamped, was
there sign of unusual activity. Day after day the Foot Guards were
drilled in a new exercise to be used at the funeral; the weeks wore
on, the day of Blenheim came and went, and at length on the 9th of
August all was ready. From Marlborough House along the Mall and
Constitution Hill to Hyde Park Corner, from thence along Piccadilly
and St. James's Street to Charing Cross and the Abbey, the way was
lined with the scarlet coats of the Guards. The drums were draped
in black, the colours wreathed with cypress; every officer wore a
black scarf, and every soldier a bunch of cypress in his bosom. Far
away from down the river sounded minute after minute the dull boom
of the guns at the Tower.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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