A History of the British Army, Vol. 2: First Part—to the Close of the Seven Years' WarFortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
History
A History of the British Army, Vol. 2: First Part—to the Close of the Seven Years' War
Fortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
Great Britain -- History, Military; Great Britain. Army -- History
However fortunate might be the issue of Dettingen, it served
at least its purpose in preventing the despatch of French
reinforcements to the Danube and to Bohemia; and the campaign of
1743 closed with the utter collapse of Belleisle's great schemes
and with the expulsion of the French from Germany. It was now clear
that the war would be carried on in the familiar cockpit of the
Austrian Netherlands. Such a theatre was convenient for France,
since it lay close to her own borders, and convenient for the
Allies, because the Dutch had at last been persuaded to join them,
and because the British would be brought nearer to their base at
Ostend. Marshal Saxe, whose fine talent had hitherto been wasted
under incompetent French Generals in Bohemia, was appointed to the
chief command of the French in Flanders; and every effort was made
to give him a numerous and well-equipped army, and to enable him to
open his campaign in good time.
[Sidenote: 1744.]
In England the preparations by no means corresponded with the
necessities of the position. The estimates indeed provided for a
force of twenty-one thousand British in Flanders in 1744 as against
sixteen thousand in the previous year, but only at the cost of
depleting the weak garrison left in England; for the actual number
of men voted for the two years was the same. All British officers
of experience strongly urged upon the Government the importance of
being first in the field,[177] but when an army was to be made up
in different proportions of English, Dutch, Germans, and Austrians
it needed a Marlborough to bring the discordant Courts into harmony
as well as to make ready the troops for an early campaign. By the
beginning of April eighty thousand French soldiers had marched
from their winter quarters, and were concentrated on the frontier
between the Scheldt and the Sambre, while the Allies were still
scattered about in cantonments, not exceeding even then a total
strength of fifty-five thousand men. Wade, the English commander,
delayed first by confusion at home and next by contrary winds, was
still in England while the French were concentrating, and not a
single English recruit to repair the losses of the past campaign
had arrived in Flanders. Then arose disputes as to the disposition
of the Allied forces, both Austrians and Dutch being nervously
apprehensive of leaving their towns on the frontier without
garrisons. When in the second week in May the Allied Army was at
last collected close to Brussels, it was still weaker by twenty
thousand men than it should have been, and found itself confronted
with the task of holding Flanders, Brabant, Hainault, and the
Sambre against a superior force of French.[178] May passed away and
June came, but the Allies remained helpless and motionless in their
camp, while Saxe, after a short march westward, turned north and
advanced steadily between the Scheldt and the Lys. His principal
object was not very difficult to divine. By the middle of June his
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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