TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE * Italics are denoted by underscores as in _italics_, and small caps are represented in upper case as in SMALL CAPS. * Obvious printer errors have been silently corrected. * Original spelling was kept, but variant spellings were made consistent when a predominant usage was found. * Errata and Notes on illustrations have been inserted into their proper places in the text. * To aid referencing places and names in present-day maps and documents, outdated and current spellings of some proper names follow: Albaracin, now Albarracín, Albondonates, now Algodonales, Albuquerque, now Alburquerque, Alcanizas, now Alcañices, Alemtejo, now Alentejo, Almanza, now Almansa, Almunecar, now Almuñecar, Araçena, now Aracena, Arzobispo, now El Puente del Arzobispo, Baccelar (Manuel), now Manuel Pinto de Morais Bacelar, Ballasteros, now Ballesteros, Barcellos, now Barcelos, Baylen, now Bailén, Boçaco, now Buçaco, Bussaco, now Buçaco, Cacabellos, now Cacabelos, Caçeres, now Cáceres, Calandriz, now Calhandriz, Campredon, now Camprodón, Cardadeu, now Cardedeu, Compostella, now Compostela, Cordova, now Córdoba, Corunna, now La Coruña, Dao, now Dão, Daymiel, now Daimiel, Deleytosa, now Deleitosa, Despeña-Perros, now Despeñaperros, Douro, now Duero (in Spain), Douro (in Portugal), El Moral, now Moral de Calatrava, Estremadura, now Extremadura (in Spain), Estremadura (in Portugal), Golegão, now Golegã, Guadalaviar (river), now Turia (río), Guimaraens, now Guimarães, La Baneza, now La Bañeza La Bispal, now La Bisbal, Loxa, now Loja, Majorca, now Mallorca, Meza, now Mesas de Ibor, Momblanch, now Montblanch, Nabao (river), now Nabão (río), Ona (river), now Güeña (río), Oña (river), now Oñar (río), Palleresa, now Pallaresa, Pampeluna, now Pamplona, Ripol, now Ripoll, Sabugoça, now Sabugosa Santona, now Santoña, Saragossa, now Zaragoza, Senabria, now Sanabria, Tagus (river), now Tajo (Spanish), Tejo (Portuguese), Tajuna, now Tajuña,