A history of the Peninsular War, Vol. 6, September 1, 1812-August 5, 1813 : $b The siege of Burgos, the retreat from Burgos, the campaign of Vittoria, the battles of the PyreneesOman, Charles
History
A history of the Peninsular War, Vol. 6, September 1, 1812-August 5, 1813 : $b The siege of Burgos, the retreat from Burgos, the campaign of Vittoria, the battles of the Pyrenees
Oman, Charles
Peninsular War, 1807-1814
Here the first half of the great movement is accurately set forth, just
as it was executed, though owing to the delays spoken of above, the
general orders for the marching out of all the allied divisions were
issued on May 13th instead of on May 1st-2nd. But in all other respects
we have the exact analysis of the scheme: the ‘Left’--Graham with the
equivalent of six divisions--crossed the Douro far inside Portugal
at various points, and was in and about Braganza and Miranda by May
21st-24th: meanwhile the ‘Right’--Hill with three divisions--moved
forward from the Agueda to the Tormes, attracting the main attention of
the French between the 20th and the 26th, till it reached Salamanca,
from whence it swerved off to the left, and joined Graham’s wing by
the bridge of Toro, thus establishing the whole army in one mass north
of the Douro, and completely turning the western flank of the entire
French front of defence. On May 12 only, three weeks after he had
communicated the secret to Beresford, did Wellington divulge it to the
Ministers at home: evidently he dreaded leakage somewhere in London,
such as he had discovered in the preceding autumn[451]. For Lord
Bathurst’s benefit he descends a little more into detail:
‘I propose to commence our operations by turning the enemy’s position
on the Douro, by passing the left of our army over that river within
the Portuguese frontier. I should cross the Right in the same manner,
only that I have been obliged to throw the Right very forward during
the winter, in order to cover and connect our cantonments, and I could
not well draw them back without exposing a good deal of country, and
risking a counter-movement on the part of the enemy. I therefore
propose to strengthen the Right, and move with it myself across the
Tormes, and to establish a bridge on the Douro below Zamora. The two
wings of the army will thus be connected, and the enemy’s position on
the Douro will be turned. The Spanish Army of Galicia will be on the
Esla, to the left of our army, at the same time that our army reaches
that river.
‘Having turned the enemy’s position on the Douro, and established
our communications across it, our next operation will depend on
circumstances. I do not know whether I am now stronger than the enemy,
even including the Army of Galicia. But of this I am very certain, that
I shall never be stronger throughout the campaign, or more efficient,
than I am now: and the enemy will never be weaker. I cannot have a
better opportunity for trying the fate of a battle, which if the enemy
should be unsuccessful, must oblige him to withdraw entirely. We have
been sadly delayed by the pontoon bridge, without which it is obvious
we can do nothing[452].’
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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