III. Wellington’s Retreat from Burgos. (1) From the Arlanzon to the Douro. October 22-30 52 IV. Hill’s Retreat from Madrid. October 25-November 6 87 V. Operations round Salamanca. November 1-15 111 VI. Wellington’s Retreat from the Tormes to the Agueda. November 16-20 143 VII. Critical Summary of the Campaigns of 1812 167 SECTION XXXV I. Winter Quarters. November-December 1812-January 1813 181 II. The Troubles of a Generalissimo. Wellington at Cadiz and Freneda 194 III. Wellington and Whitehall 214 IV. The Perplexities of King Joseph. February-April 1813 239 V. The Northern Insurrection. February-May 1813 252 VI. An Episode on the East Coast, April 1813. The Campaign of Castalla 275 SECTION XXXVI THE MARCH TO VITTORIA I. Wellington’s Plan of Campaign 299 II. Operations of Hill’s Column. May 22-June 3, 1813 313 III. Operations of Graham’s Column. May 26-June 3, 1813 322 IV. Movements of the French. May 22-June 4, 1813 334 V. The Operations around Burgos. June 4-14, 1813 346 VI. Wellington crosses the Ebro. June 15-20, 1813 364 VII. The Battle of Vittoria, June 21, 1813: The First Stage 384 VIII. The Battle of Vittoria: Rout of the French 413 SECTION XXXVII THE EXPULSION OF THE FRENCH FROM SPAIN I. Wellington’s Pursuit of Clausel. June 22-30, 1813 451 II. Graham’s Pursuit of Foy. June 22-31, 1813 470 III. The East Coast. Murray at Tarragona. June 2-18, 1813 488 IV. Wellington on the Bidassoa. July 1-12, 1813 522 V. Exit King Joseph. July 12, 1813 546 SECTION XXXVIII THE BATTLES OF THE PYRENEES I. The Siege of St. Sebastian: the First Period, July 12-25 557 II. Soult takes the Offensive in Navarre. July 1813 587 III. Roncesvalles and Maya. July 25, 1813 608 IV. Sorauren. July 28, 1813 642 V. Soult’s Retreat. Second Battle of Sorauren. July 30 681 VI. Soult Retires into France. July 31-August 3, 1813 707 APPENDICES I. British Losses at the Siege of Burgos. September 20-October 21, 1812 741 II. The French Armies in Spain. Morning State of October 15, 1812 741 III. Strength of Wellington’s Army during and after the Burgos Retreat. October-November 1813 745 IV. British Losses in the Burgos Retreat 747 V. Murray’s Army at Castalla. April 1813 748 VI. Suchet’s Army at Castalla 749 VII. British Losses at Biar and Castalla 750 VIII. Wellington’s Army in the Vittoria Campaign 750 IX. Spanish Troops under Wellington’s Command. June-July 1813 753 X. The French Army at Vittoria 754 XI. British and Portuguese Losses at Vittoria 757 XII. French Losses at Vittoria 761 XIII. Sir John Murray’s Army in the Tarragona Expedition 762