377-379. The Opening of the Mexican War 296 380-389. The Conduct and Results of the War 299 References 304 PART V.—THE EVE OF THE CIVIL WAR, 1850–1861. CHAPTER XXIV.—THE ADMINISTRATION OF TAYLOR AND FILLMORE, 1849–1853. 390-394. The Question of California 305 395-400. The Compromise of 1850 308 401-404. International and Domestic Affairs 313 CHAPTER XXV.—THE ADMINISTRATION OF PIERCE, 1853–1857. 405-410. The Confusion of Parties 317 411-415. Kansas-Nebraska Legislation 320 416-417. The Republican Party 323 CHAPTER XXVI.—THE ADMINISTRATION OF BUCHANAN, 1857–1861. 418-422. The Supreme Court and Slavery 326 423-427. Kansas and Utah 329 428-431. The Great Debates 332 432-434. John Brown and Public Opinion 336 435-439. The Presidential Campaign of 1860 339 440-446. Secession of the South 342 447-449. The Country in 1860–1861 348 References 350 PART VI.—THE CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION, 1861–1869. CHAPTER XXVII.—THE BEGINNINGS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 450-453. Opening of Hostilities 353 454-458. Military and Financial Strength of the Combatants 357 459-461. Description of the Seat of War 360 462-465. Domestic and Foreign Complications 362 466-471. Military Movements of 1861 365 472-474. International Difficulties 369 CHAPTER XXVIII.—THE CAMPAIGNS OF 1862. 475-483. The War in the West 372 484-489. The Work of the Navy 381 490-498. The War in the East 387 499-502. Public Feeling in the North and Great Britain 394 503-506. The War in the East continued 397 507-513. Domestic and Foreign Effects of the Campaigns of 1862 402 References 406 CHAPTER XXIX.—THE CAMPAIGNS OF 1863.