=Covelong=, Madras. 13N. 80E. Captured by French, 1750; by Clive, 1752. =Cranganore=, Madras. 10N. 76E. Fortress erected by Portuguese, 1505; ceded to Dutch, 1660; sold to Rajah of Travancore. =Cunaxa=, Asiatic Turkey. 33N. 44E. Cyrus the Younger killed here in a battle with his brother, Artaxerxes Mnemon, 401 B.C. =Cydnus=, Asia Minor. 37N. 35E. River up which Cleopatra sailed to meet Antony. =Cyprus=, Asiatic Turkey. 35N. 33E. Seat of worship of Aphrodite; bp. of Barnabas. Conquered by Arabs, 646; retaken by Greeks, 648; secured by Haroun-al-Raschid, 802; by Comnenus, 1184; ruled by Guy de Lusignan, 1193; occupied by Turks, 1570; ruled by British, 1878. (See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages.') =Dafar=, Arabia. 17N. 54E. Described in 'Travels of Marco Polo' as Dulfar. =Damalcheruvu Pass=, Madras. 13N. 79E. Mahrattas defeated and killed Nawab Dost Ali, 1740. =Daman=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. Portuguese possession since 1531. =Damascus=, Syria. 34N. 36E. Supposed to have been f. by Uz. Conquered by David, by Jeroboam II., Tiglath-Pileser, Sennacherib, and Nebuchadnezzar. Subdued by Pompey, 64 B.C.; by Mohammedans, 635; conquered by Nureddin, 1154; Saladin died here, 1193; Egyptians defeated by Tamerlane, 1401; taken from Turks by Selim I., 1516; captured by Ibrahim Pasha, 1832; ceded to Turkey, 1840. Massacre of Jews, 1840; of Christians, 1860. The English historian Buckle died here. (See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Burton's 'Wanderings in Three Continents,' Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.') =Daminya=, Bengal. 25N. 88E. Bp. of Mukunda Ram Chakrabarti. =Daulatabad= ('abode of prosperity'), Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. F. by Bhillama I., c. 1187 A.D.; seized by Ala-ud-din Khilji, 1294; by Mohammedans, 1307, 1310; Rajah Harpal flayed alive, 1318; captured by Nijam Shakis from Bahmanis, 1526; from Emperor Akbar, 1595; taken by Malik Amber, 1607; by Shah Jahan, 1633; Abul Hasan imprisoned here by Aurungzebe, 1687. =Dead Sea=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. Frequently mentioned in biblical history. (See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient.') =Deglur=, Haidarabad. 19N. 78E. Contains tomb of Shah Zia-ud-din Rifai. =Delhi=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. Captured by Mohammedans, 1193; by Tamerlane, 1398; Sultan Baber established Mogol dynasty, 1526; burnt by Mahrattas, 1736; taken by Persians, who plundered it of treasures, including Koh-i-noor diamond, 1739; recaptured by Mahrattas, 1789; seized by Lord Lake, 1803; scene of terrible massacre of British in Mutiny, 1857; Durbar of Edward VII. held here, 1903; of George V., 1911. (See Mrs. F. A. Steel's 'On the Face of the Waters' and 'India through the Ages,' Madhu Sudan Datta's 'Captive Ladie,' Moore's 'Lalla Rookh.') =Deogarh=, United Provs. 25N. 78E. Contains carvings dating from 1097. Captured by Colonel Baptiste, 1811.