A Literary History of Ireland, from Earliest Times to the Present DayHyde, Douglas
History
A Literary History of Ireland, from Earliest Times to the Present Day
Hyde, Douglas
Civilization, Celtic, in literature; Irish literature -- History and criticism; Language and culture -- Ireland
"The Celts,"[16] says Lucian, "call Heracles in the language of their
country Ogmios, and they make very strange representations of the god.
With them he is an extremely old man with a bald forehead and his few
remaining hairs quite grey; his skin is wrinkled and embrowned by
the sun to that degree of swarthiness which is characteristic of men
who have grown old in a seafaring life; in fact, you would fancy him
rather to be a Charon or Japetus, one of the dwellers in Tartarus, or
anybody rather than Heracles. But although he is of this description
he is nevertheless attired like Heracles, for he has on him the lion's
skin, and he has a club in the right hand; he is duly equipped with
a quiver, and his left hand displays a bow stretched out, in these
respects he is quite Heracles.[17] It struck me then that the Celts
took such liberties with the appearance of Heracles in order to insult
the gods of the Greeks and avenge themselves on him in their painting,
because he once made a raid on their territory, when in search of the
herds of Geryon he harassed most of the Western peoples. I have not
yet, however, mentioned the most whimsical part of the picture, for
this old man Heracles draws after him a great number of men bound
by their ears, and the bonds are slender cords wrought of gold and
amber, like necklaces of the most beautiful make; and although they
are dragged on by such weak ties they never try to run away, though
they could easily do it, nor do they at all resist or struggle against
them, planting their feet in the ground and throwing their weight
back in the direction contrary to that in which they are being led.
Quite the reverse, they follow with joyful countenance in a merry
mood, and praising him who leads them, pressing on, one and all, and
slackening their chains in their eagerness to proceed; in fact, they
look like men who would be grieved should they be set free. But that
which seemed to me the most absurd thing of all I will not hesitate
also to tell you: the painter, you see, had nowhere to fix the ends
of the cords since the right hand of the god held the club and his
left the bow; so he pierced the tip of his tongue and represented the
people as drawn on from it, and the god turns a smiling countenance
towards those whom he is leading. Now I stood a long time looking at
these things and wondered, perplexed and indignant. But a certain
Celt standing by, who knew something about our ways, as he showed by
speaking good Greek--a man who was quite a philosopher I take it in
local matters--said to me: 'Stranger, I will tell you the secret of
the painting, for you seem very much troubled about it. We Celts do
not consider the power of speech to be Hermes as you Greeks do, but we
represent it by means of Heracles, because he is much stronger than
Hermes. Nor should you wonder at his being represented as an old man,
for the power of words is wont to show its perfection in the aged;
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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