A Literary History of the ArabsNicholson, Reynold Alleyne
History
A Literary History of the Arabs
Nicholson, Reynold Alleyne
Arabic literature -- History and criticism
collection entitled 'The Genuine' (_al-Ṣaḥíḥ_), he limited it to some
7,000, which he picked out of 600,000.
The credibility of Tradition, so far as it concerns the life of the
Prophet, cannot be discussed in this place.[280] The oldest and best
biography, that of Ibn Isḥáq, undoubtedly contains a great deal of
fabulous matter, but his narrative appears to be honest and fairly
authentic on the whole.
[Sidenote: Birth of Muḥammad.]
If we accept the traditional chronology, Muḥammad, son of ‘Abdulláh and
Ámina, of the tribe of Quraysh, was born at Mecca on the 12th of Rabí‘
al-Awwal, in the Year of the Elephant (570-571 A.D.). His descent from
Quṣayy is shown by the following table:--
Quṣayy.
│
‘Abd Manáf.
│
┌────────┴───────────┐
│ │
‘Abd Shams. Háshim.
│ │
Umayya. ‘Abdu ’l-Muṭṭalib.
│
┌───────────+─────────────┐
│ │ │
‘Abbás. ‘Abdulláh. Abú Ṭálib.
│
MUḤAMMAD.
[Sidenote: His childhood.]
Shortly after his birth he was handed over to a Bedouin nurse--Ḥalíma, a
woman of the Banú Sa‘d--so that until he was five years old he breathed
the pure air and learned to speak the unadulterated language of the
desert. One marvellous event which is said to have happened to him at
this time may perhaps be founded on fact:--
[Sidenote: Muḥammad and the two angels.]
"He and his foster-brother" (so Ḥalíma relates) "were among the
cattle behind our encampment when my son came running to us and
cried, 'My brother, the Qurayshite! two men clad in white took him
and laid him on his side and cleft his belly; and they were stirring
their hands in it.' When my husband and I went out to him we found
him standing with his face turned pale, and on our asking, 'What
ails thee, child?' he answered, 'Two men wearing white garments came
to me and laid me on my side and cleft my belly and groped for
something, I know not what.' We brought him back to our tent, and my
husband said to me, 'O Ḥalíma, I fear this lad has been smitten
(_uṣíba_); so take him home to his family before it becomes
evident.' When we restored him to his mother she said, 'What has
brought thee, nurse? Thou wert so fond of him and anxious that he
should stay with thee.' I said, 'God has made him grow up, and I
have done my part. I feared that some mischance would befall him, so
I brought him back to thee as thou wishest.' 'Thy case is not thus,'
said she; 'tell me the truth,' and she gave me no peace until I told
her. Then she said, 'Art thou afraid that he is possessed by the
Devil?' I said, 'Yes.' 'Nay, by God,' she replied, 'the Devil cannot
reach him; my son hath a high destiny.'"[281]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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