A Literary History of the ArabsNicholson, Reynold Alleyne
History
A Literary History of the Arabs
Nicholson, Reynold Alleyne
Arabic literature -- History and criticism
There was a poet of repute, well known by the name of Rá‘i ’l-ibil
(Camel-herd), who loudly published his opinion that Farazdaq was
superior to Jarír, although the latter had lauded his tribe, the
Banú Numayr, whereas Farazdaq had made verses against them. One day
Jarír met him and expostulated with him but got no reply. Rá‘í was
riding a mule and was accompanied by his son, Jandal, who said to
his father: "Why do you halt before this dog of the Banú Kulayb, as
though you had anything to hope or fear from him?" At the same time
he gave the mule a lash with his whip. The animal started violently
and kicked Jarír, who was standing by, so that his cap fell to the
ground. Rá‘í took no heed and went on his way. Jarír picked up the
cap, brushed it, and replaced it on his head. Then he exclaimed in
verse:--
"_O Jandal! what will say Numayr of you
When my dishonouring shaft has pierced thy sire?_"
He returned home full of indignation, and after the evening prayer,
having called for a jar of date-wine and a lamp, he set about his
work. An old woman in the house heard him muttering, and mounted the
stairs to see what ailed him. She found him crawling naked on his
bed, by reason of that which was within him; so she ran down, crying
"He is mad," and described what she had seen to the people of the
house. "Get thee gone," they said, "we know what he is at." By
daybreak Jarír had composed a satire of eighty verses against the
Banú Numayr. When he finished the poem, he shouted triumphantly,
"_Allah Akbar!_" and rode away to the place where he expected to
find Rá‘í ’l-ibil and Farazdaq and their friends. He did not salute
Rá‘í but immediately began to recite. While he was speaking Farazdaq
and Rá‘í bowed their heads, and the rest of the company sat
listening in silent mortification. When Jarír uttered the final
words--
"_Cast down thine eyes for shame! for thou art of
Numayr--no peer of Ka‘b nor yet Kiláb_"--
Rá‘í rose and hastened to his lodging as fast as his mule could
carry him. "Saddle! Saddle!" he cried to his comrades; "you cannot
stay here longer, Jarír has disgraced you all." They left Baṣra
without delay to rejoin their tribe, who bitterly reproached Rá‘í
for the ignominy which he had brought upon Numayr; and hundreds of
years afterwards his name was still a byword among his people.[469]
[Sidenote: Dhu ’l-Rumma.]
Next, but next at a long interval, to the three great poets of this
epoch comes Dhu ’l-Rumma (Ghaylán b. ‘Uqba), who imitated the odes of
the desert Arabs with tiresome and monotonous fidelity. The philologists
of the following age delighted in his antique and difficult style, and
praised him far above his merits. It was said that poetry began with
Imru’u ’l-Qays and ended with Dhu ’l-Rumma; which is true in the sense
that he is the last important representative of the pure Bedouin school.
[Sidenote: Prose writers of the Umayyad period.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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