A Literary History of the ArabsNicholson, Reynold Alleyne
History
A Literary History of the Arabs
Nicholson, Reynold Alleyne
Arabic literature -- History and criticism
"_O God, defend Thy neighbouring folk even as a man his gear[130]
defendeth!
Let not their Cross and guileful plans defeat the plans Thyself
intendeth!
But if Thou make it so, 'tis well: according to Thy will it
endeth._"[131]
[Sidenote: Rout of the Abyssinians.]
Next morning, when Abraha prepared to enter Mecca, his elephant
knelt down and would not budge, though they beat its head with an
axe and thrust sharp stakes into its flanks; but when they turned it
in the direction of Yemen, it rose up and trotted with alacrity.
Then God sent from the sea a flock of birds like swallows every one
of which carried three stones as large as a chick-pea or a lentil,
one in its bill and one in each claw, and all who were struck by
those stones perished.[132] The rest fled in disorder, dropping down
as they ran or wherever they halted to quench their thirst. Abraha
himself was smitten with a plague so that his limbs rotted off
piecemeal.[133]
These details are founded on the 105th chapter of the Koran, entitled
'The Súra of the Elephant,' which may be freely rendered as follows:--
"Hast not thou seen the people of the Elephant, how dealt
with them the Lord?
Did not He make their plot to end in ruin abhorred?--
When He sent against them birds, horde on horde,
And stones of baked clay upon them poured,
And made them as leaves of corn devoured."
The part played by ‘Abdu ’l-Muṭṭalib in the story is, of course, a
pious fiction designed to glorify the Holy City and to claim for the
Prophet's family fifty years before Islam a predominance which they did
not obtain until long afterwards; but equally of course the legend
reflects Muḥammadan belief, and may be studied with advantage as a
characteristic specimen of its class.
"When God repulsed the Abyssinians from Mecca and smote them with His
vengeance, the Arabs held the Quraysh in high respect and said, 'They
are God's people: God hath fought for them and hath defended them
against their enemy;' and made poems on this matter."[134] The following
verses, according to Ibn Isḥáq, are by Abu ’l-Ṣalt b. Abí Rabí‘a
of Thaqíf; others more reasonably ascribe them to his son Umayya, a
well-known poet and monotheist (Ḥaníf) contemporary with
Muḥammad:--
[Sidenote: Verses by Umayya b. Abi ’l-Ṣalt.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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