A Literary History of the ArabsNicholson, Reynold Alleyne
History
A Literary History of the Arabs
Nicholson, Reynold Alleyne
Arabic literature -- History and criticism
"_I was true with the mail-coats of the Kindite,[167]
I am true though many a one is blamed for treason.
Once did ‘Ádiyá, my father, exhort me:
'O Samaw’al, ne'er destroy what I have builded.'
For me built ‘Ádiyá a strong-walled castle
With a well where I draw water at pleasure;
So high, the eagle slipping back is baffled.
When wrong befalls me I endure not tamely._"[168]
The Bedouin ideal of generosity and hospitality is personified in
Ḥátim of Ṭayyi’, of whom many anecdotes are told. We may learn
from the following one how extravagant are an Arab's notions on this
subject:--
[Sidenote: Ḥátim of Ṭayyi’.]
When Ḥátim's mother was pregnant she dreamed that she was asked,
"Which dost thou prefer?--a generous son called Ḥátim, or ten
like those of other folk, lions in the hour of battle, brave lads
and strong of limb?" and that she answered, "Ḥátim." Now, when
Ḥátim grew up he was wont to take out his food, and if he found
any one to share it he would eat, otherwise he threw it away. His
father, seeing that he wasted his food, gave him a slave-girl and a
mare with her foal and sent him to herd the camels. On reaching the
pasture, Ḥátim began to search for his fellows, but none was in
sight; then he came to the road, but found no one there. While he
was thus engaged he descried a party of riders on the road and went
to meet them. "O youth," said they, "hast thou aught to entertain us
withal?" He answered: "Do ye ask me of entertainment when ye see the
camels?" Now, these riders were ‘Abíd b. al-Abras and Bishr b. Abí
Kházim and Nábigha al-Dhubyání, and they were on their way to King
Nu‘mán.[169] Ḥátim slaughtered three camels for them, whereupon
‘Abíd said: "We desired no entertainment save milk, but if thou must
needs charge thyself with something more, a single young she-camel
would have sufficed us." Ḥátim replied: "That I know, but seeing
different faces and diverse fashions I thought ye were not of the
same country, and I wished that each of you should mention what ye
saw, on returning home." So they spoke verses in praise of him and
celebrated his generosity, and Ḥátim said: "I wished to bestow a
kindness upon you, but your bounty is greater than mine. I swear to
God that I will hamstring every camel in the herd unless ye come
forward and divide them among yourselves." The poets did as he
desired, and each man received ninety-nine camels; then they
proceeded on their journey to Nu‘mán. When Ḥátim's father heard
of this he came to him and asked, "Where are the camels?" "O my
father," replied Ḥátim, "by means of them I have conferred on
thee everlasting fame and honour that will cleave to thee like the
ring of the ringdove, and men will always bear in mind some verse of
poetry in which we are praised. This is thy recompense for the
camels." On hearing these words his father said, "Didst thou with my
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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