LUD. ANT. MURATORI, _Novus Thesaurus veterum Inscriptionum_. Mediolani, 1739, sq. 4 vols. fol. Together with SEB. DONATI, _Supplementa_. Luccae, 1764. JAN. GRUTERI, _Inscriptiones antiquae totius orbis Romani, cura_ J. G. GRAEVII. Amstel. 1707, 2 vols. fol. C. A. BOEKHIUS, _Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum, auctoritate et impensis Academiae literarum Borussicae_, vol. 1. 1827, folio. Among the separate monuments, the most important for ancient history is the Parian or Oxford Inscription, _Marmora Oxoniensia, Arundeliana_, edited by SELDEN, 1629; by PRIDEAUX, 1677. The best edition is by RICH. CHANDLER, Oxf. 1763, fol. A useful and portable edition has been published by FR. CH. WAGNER, _containing the Greek text, with a German translation and notes_. Gottingen, 1790, 8vo. 9. Coins may likewise be regarded as a source of ancient history, as by the light they throw upon genealogy and chronology, the events known from other authorities may be better arranged and understood. The importance of coins, therefore, becomes most sensible in those portions of history where our information, in consequence of the loss of the works of the original historians, is reduced to a few insulated facts and fragments. EZ. SPANHEMII, _Dissertatio de Usu et Praestantia Numismatum_. Londini, 1707 et 1709, 2 vols. fol. The capital work, however, on this subject, and which embraces the whole numismatic science of antiquity is: ECKHEL, _De Doctrina Nummorum Veterum_. Viennae, 1792-1798, 8 vols. 4to. And the epitome: # ECKHEL, _Brief Elements of Ancient Numismatics_. Vienna, 1707, 8vo. Another very useful work is: J. C. RASCHE, _Lexicon Universae Rei Nummariae Veterum_. 1785, sq. 5 vols. 8vo. 10. Chronicles or annals form the second great division of written historical monuments. These presuppose the invention of letters, and the use of materials for writing upon; consequently they are of a later date than mere inscriptions. They occur, nevertheless, in the earlier periods of nations; and from such annals, indited by public authority (state chronicles,) subsequent historians have generally drawn materials for their works. In many nations, and in nearly all the eastern ones, history has not even yet advanced beyond the composition of such chronicles. 11. The third great division of historical writings is formed of works composed on philosophical principles, which differ from mere annals by their containing not only a chronological narration of events, but also a development of their connection with one another, their causes and effects.