A Manual of Historic Ornament: Treating upon the evolution, tradition, and development of architecture and other applied arts. Prepared for the use of students and craftsmenGlazier, Richard
History
A Manual of Historic Ornament: Treating upon the evolution, tradition, and development of architecture and other applied arts. Prepared for the use of students and craftsmen
Glazier, Richard
Decoration and ornament -- History; Decoration and ornament, Architectural -- History; Decorative arts -- History
Corinthian buildings in Greece are:--Monument of Lysicrates, the Tower
of Winds, and Jupiter Olympius, all in Athens.
During the 5th century B.C. the Doric order was extensively used in the
Greek colonies of Sicily. At Acragas or Agrigentum the remains of 6 fine
hexastyle and peripteral Doric Temples are found, of which the Temple of
Zeus B.C. 450 is the largest, being 354 by 173 feet. In this temple were
found the Telemones or Atlantes, male figures 25 feet in height, with
their arms raised, probably supporting the roof of the temple.
At Selinus there are six large Doric temples, five being hexastyle and
peripteral, the other octastyle and pseudo-dipteral, 372 by 175 feet.
This temple has columns 57 feet in height with an entablature of 19
feet. At Egesta, there is a hexastyle, peripteral, Doric temple with
the columns not fluted, and at Pæstum in Southern Italy there are two
Doric temples, the temple of Neptune, and the temple of Vesta, of the
usual hexastyle and peripteral form, but the Basilica is pseudo-dipteral
and is remarkable for its two porticos of nine columns each. All these
buildings in Sicily and Pæstum date between B.C. 500 and 430.
Classification of Classic Temples:--
1st. The arrangements of the columns and walls
(_a_) When the side walls have no colonnade _Apteral_
(_b_) When there is a colonnade standing apart
from the side walls _Peripteral_
(_c_) When the colonnade is attached to the
side of the side walls _Pseudo-peripteral_
(_d_) When there is a double colonnade standing
from the wall _Dipteral_
2nd. The relation of the ends of the temple
(_a_) When the columns do not project beyond
the walls _In Antis_
(_b_) When a portico stood in front of the
temple _Prostyle_
(_c_) When there was a portico at each end _Amphi-prostyle_
(_d_) If the portico was one column in depth_Mono-prostyle_
(_e_) If the portico was two columns in depth _Di-prostyle_
3rd. The number of columns in the portico
(_a_) If of 2 columns _Distyle_
(_b_) If of 4 columns _Tetrastyle_
(_c_) If of 6 columns exastyle_
(_d_) If of 8 columns _Octastyle_
4th. The Intercolumniation
(_a_) If 1-1/2 diameters apart _Pycnostyle_
(_b_) If 2 diameters apart _Systyle_
(_c_) If 2-1/4 diameters apart _Eustyle_
(_d_) If 3 diameters apart _Diastyle_
(_e_) If 4 diameters apart _Ærostyle_
[Illustration:
GREEK ORNAMENT. Plate 5.
]
GREEK ORNAMENT.
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