Bohol (McGregor); Catanduanes (Whitehead); Cebu (Bourns & Worcester); Guimaras (Steere Exp.); Leyte (Everett); Luzon (Everett, Whitehead, McGregor); Marinduque (Steere Exp.); Mindanao (Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester); Mindoro (Steere Exp., Everett, Bourns & Worcester, McGregor, Porter); Palawan (Bourns & Worcester); Panay (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester); Samar (Whitehead); Sibuyan (McGregor); Tablas (Bourns & Worcester); Tawi Tawi (Bourns & Worcester); Ticao (McGregor). China, Eastern Siberia, Indian Peninsula, Indo-Malayan subregion; Celebes in winter. "Adult male.--Entirely cinnamon-rufous above, including wings and tail; sides of face and ear-coverts cinnamon-rufous; cheeks a little lighter rufous; throat ashy white, with a median streak of tawny-rufous, which extends down throat and fore neck, being streaked with blackish longitudinal marks on the outer webs of the feathers; lower throat, fore neck, breast, sides of body, and thighs tawny-rufous; abdomen white; under tail-coverts tawny-buff; on sides of upper breast a patch of dependent feathers, having black centers with tawny-buff or rufous margins; under wing-coverts tawny-buff; axillars and under surface of quills pale chestnut. 'Eyelids and facial skin reddish purple; bill nearly all yellow, the culmen alone being dark brown; legs and toes yellowish green; claws brown; iris yellow to pale red.' (Oates.) Length, 279; culmen, 46; wing, 140; tail, 41; tarsus, 48. "Adult males in winter appear to be a little more dingy on the upper parts than in summer, the head and back being shaded with grayish brown. "Adult female.--Mantle and back uniform dark brown; wing-coverts dingy brown, but mottled with sandy-buff margins and checkered notches, which appear also on scapulars and inner secondaries, and have also subterminal markings of darker brown on many of the coverts; greater coverts, primary-coverts, and quills chestnut, with a good deal of dusky at base and on the inner webs, primary-coverts also dusky towards the ends; tail-feathers dull chestnut; crown and nape dusky brown; frilled feathers on the sides of neck brown in the center, with yellowish margins; sides of face yellowish buff, streaked with brown; whole of the under surface yellowish buff, very thickly streaked with dark brown, sides of throat whiter, feathers composing the broad mesial streak down the middle of throat and fore neck having a distinct rufous shade; on each side of the upper breast a patch of dependent plumes, black in the center with yellowish-buff margins; thighs chestnut; under wing-coverts yellowish buff like the chest; axillars and quill-lining dull chestnut, the feathers with a good deal of gray in them. 'Facial skin, margins of upper mandible, and nearly the whole of the lower mandible yellow, remainder of bill black; back of tarsus and soles yellow; claws yellowish brown; iris yellow.' (Oates.) Length, 330; culmen, 51; wing, 136; tail, 43; tarsus, 44.