A Manual of Photographic Chemistry, Including the Practice of the Collodion ProcessHardwich, T. Frederick
Science
A Manual of Photographic Chemistry, Including the Practice of the Collodion Process
Hardwich, T. Frederick
Photographic chemistry; Photography
Nitrate of Silver 30 grains.
Glacial Acetic Acid 30 minims.
Water 1 fluid ounce.
Float the papers (Papier Saxe or Papier Rive) upon the Bath for three
minutes, and suspend them to dry in a room from which actinic rays are
_perfectly_ excluded.
The exposure to light,--which is conducted in the ordinary printing frame,
the Negative and sensitive paper being laid in contact in the usual
way,--will seldom be longer than three or four minutes, even upon a dull
day. It may be regulated by the colour assumed by the projecting margin
of the paper; but it is quite possible to tell by the appearance of the
image when it has received a sufficient amount of exposure:--the whole of
the picture should be seen, excepting the _lightest shades_, and it will
be found that very few details can be brought out in the development which
were altogether invisible before the Gallic Acid was applied.
The developing solution is prepared as follows:--
Gallic Acid 2 grains.
Water 1 fluid ounce.
In very cold weather it may be necessary to employ a saturated solution of
Gallic Acid, containing about four grains to the ounce; whereas in warm
weather the image will develope too quickly, and Acetic Acid must be added
(see the remarks at the end of the process, p. 266).
To facilitate the solution of the Gallic Acid, stand the bottle in a warm
place near the fire. A lump of Camphor floated in the liquid, or a drop
of Oil of Cloves added, will to a great extent prevent it from becoming
mouldy by keeping; but if once mould has formed, the bottle must be well
cleansed with Nitric Acid, or the decomposition of the fresh Gallic Acid
will be hastened.
Pour the solution of Gallic Acid into a flat dish, and immerse the Prints
two or three at a time, moving them about, and using a glass rod to remove
air-bubbles. The development is rapid, and will be completed in three or
four minutes. If the Print developes slowly, becomes _very dark in colour_
by continuing the action of the Gallic Acid, but shows no half-tones,
it has not been exposed sufficiently long to the light. An over-exposed
proof, on the other hand, developes with unusual rapidity, and it is
necessary to remove it speedily from the Bath in order to preserve the
clearness of the white parts; when taken out to the light, it appears pale
and red, with no depth of shadow.
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