=Allia= (Italy). A small river flowing into the Tiber, where Brennus and the Gauls defeated the Romans, July 16, 390 B.C. The Gauls sacked Rome and committed so much injury that the day was thereafter held to be unlucky (_nefas_), and no public business was permitted to be done on its anniversary. =Alliage= (_Fr._). A term used by the French to denote the composition of metals used for the fabrication of cannon, mortars, etc. =Alliance.= In a military sense, signifies a treaty entered into by sovereign states for their mutual safety and defense. In this sense alliances may be divided into such as are offensive, where the contracting parties oblige themselves jointly to attack some other power; and into such as are defensive, whereby the contracting powers bind themselves to stand by and defend one another, in case of being attacked by any other power. Alliances are variously distinguished according to their object, the parties in them, etc. Hence we read of equal, unequal, triple, quadruple, grand, offensive, defensive alliances, etc. =Alligati.= A name given by the Romans to prisoners of war and their captors. A chain was attached to the right wrist of the prisoner and the left wrist of the warrior who captured him. =Allobroges.= A powerful race in ancient Gaul; inhabited a part of Savoy; vanquished by Fabius Maximus, 126 B.C. =Allocutio.= An oration addressed by a Roman general to his soldiers, to animate them to fight, to appease sedition, or to keep them to their duty. =Allodial.= Independent; not feudal. The Allodii of the Romans were bodies of men embodied on any emergency, in a manner similar to our volunteer associations. =Allonge.= A pass or thrust with a rapier or small sword, frequently contracted into _lunge_; also a long rein used in the exercising of horses. =Allowance.= A sum paid periodically for services rendered. The French use the word _traitment_ in this sense. The allowances of an officer are distinct from his pay proper, and are applicable to a variety of circumstances. =Alloy.= Is a composition by fusion of two or more metals. The alloy most used for gun-making is bronze (which see). =Allumelle.= A thin and slender sword which was used in the Middle Ages, to pierce the weak parts or joints of armor. =Ally.= In a military sense, implies any nation united to another,--under a treaty either offensive or defensive, or both. =Allyghur.= A strong fortress on the northwest of India, which was captured, after a desperate conflict, by Lord Lake, in 1803. The French commander-in-chief, Gen. Perron, surrendered himself after the siege. =Alma.= A river in the Crimea, near which was fought a great battle on September 20, 1854, between the Russian and Anglo-French armies; the Russians were defeated with great loss.