=Andaman Islands.= A group of small islands in the Bay of Bengal, which has been used by Great Britain as a penal colony for Hindoos. The Earl of Mayo, governor-general of India, was assassinated here by a convict, February 8, 1872. =Anderlecht.= A town near Brussels, in Belgium, where the French under Gen. Dumouriez defeated the Austrians, November 13, 1792. =Andernach.= A city in Rhenish Prussia; near here the emperor Charles I. was totally defeated by Louis of Saxony, on October 8, 876. =Andersonville.= A post-village of Sumter Co., Ga., about 65 miles south-southwest of Macon. Here was located a Confederate military prison in which Union soldiers were confined during the civil war. So severe was the treatment which they received here (nearly 13,000 having died), that a general feeling of horror was excited against the superintendent, Capt. Henry Wirz; and after the close of the war he was tried for inhuman treatment of the prisoners, found guilty, and executed November, 1865. The place is now the site of a national cemetery. =Andrew, St.=, or =The Thistle, Order of=. A nominally military order of knighthood in Scotland. The principal ensign of this order is a gold collar, composed of thistles interlinked with amulets of gold, having pendent thereto the image of St. Andrew with his cross and the motto, _Nemo me impune lacessit_. =Andrew, St., Knights of.= Is also a nominal military order instituted by Peter III. of Muscovy in 1698. =Andrussov, Peace of.= This peace was ratified (January 30, 1667) between Russia and Poland for 13 years, with mutual concessions, although the latter power had been generally victorious. =Anelace=, or =Anlace=. A kind of knife or dagger worn at the girdle by civilians till about the end of the 15th century. =Anemometer=, or =Wind-gauge=. An instrument wherewith to measure the direction and velocity of wind under its varying forces,--used in the Signal service. =Aneroid Barometer.= A pocket instrument indicating variations in atmospheric pressure. Used in military surveys to obtain the height of mountains. It consists of a circular metallic box, hermetically sealed, from which the air has been extracted. The play of the thin, metallic cover under atmospheric pressure, is made to operate a hand pointing to a scale on the dial-face. =Angaria.= According to ancient military writers, means a guard of soldiers posted in any place for the security of it. Angaria, in civil law, implies a service by compulsion; as, furnishing horses and carriages for conveying corn and other stores for the army. =Angeliaphori.= Reconnoitring parties of the Grecian army. =Angel-shot.= A kind of chain-shot. See CHAIN-SHOT. =Angers.= Principal city of the department of Maine-et-Loire, France. It was sacked by the Normans during the 9th century; taken and retaken several times by the Bretons, English, and French.