It was at Munich, in the year 1835, that I first became acquainted with this fine _Odontoglossum_ having, through the kindness of Professor Von Martius, been allowed to examine the rich collection of dried specimens that Baron Karwinski had then recently brought home with him from Mexico. Two years afterwards living plants were sent to me from Oaxaca, which happening to arrive in the midst of that remarkably severe winter 1837-38, I naturally expected would have been destroyed on their way; so far, however, from this being the case, they appeared to have sustained little or no injury from the cold, and on being placed in a stove they soon began to push both roots and leaves. All went well so long as the temperature of the house did not exceed 70°, but when the winter had passed away and they had to face the intense heat at which the Orchid-houses of that period were ordinarily maintained, they then quickly lost their vigour and before a twelvemonth had passed were all gone, victims--like a multitude of other invaluable plants--to our then ignorance of the conditions under which alone the Orchids of _cool_ countries could be expected to thrive! I am not aware that this plant ever flowered in this country until within the last year or two, certainly no figure of it has ever been published in any English botanical periodical; I have, however, found in a French work (the _Illustration Horticole_), under the name of _O. maxillare_, what is obviously the same as the plant represented in the Plate. I should myself have probably fallen into the same mistake as Professor Lemaire, had I not enjoyed the opportunity--which he unfortunately had not--of examining the original specimens in Dr. Lindley's herbarium, and from which that able botanist drew up his description (in the _Folia Orchidacea_) of the two species. _O. maxillare_, of which Dr. Lindley only examined a single flower--though he made a most careful drawing--is shown by a glance at the latter, to be a totally different thing; it has moreover, I fear, long since disappeared from our collections. In Dr. Lindley's description the flower-scape is said to be terminal, which in nature it never is, although from the way in which Karwinski's wild specimen was glued together, it certainly presents that appearance in the herbarium. The column moreover, and the base of the sepals and petals, are said to be pubescent, though nothing of the kind is visible to the naked eye when the flowers are fresh. With a powerful magnifying glass pubescence may certainly be seen. _Odontoglossum nebulosum_ flowers at different seasons of the year, always sending up its scape at the same time as the young growth. It is of the easiest culture.[3] The figure was derived from a beautiful specimen that flowered last November in the collection of J. Day, Esq., of Tottenham, who grows this and many other _Odontoglossa_ in high perfection. DISSECTIONS.--1. Lip, seen in front; 2. Ditto, seen sideways: _both magnified_.