A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 2 of 2): The Balanidæ, (or Sessile Cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc., etc.Darwin, Charles
Science
A Monograph on the Sub-class Cirripedia (Volume 2 of 2): The Balanidæ, (or Sessile Cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc., etc.
Darwin, Charles
Balanidae; Cirripedia
In _Balanus tintinnabulum_, the basis is calcareous: when its upper
surface is cleaned, dried, and examined under a good light, the
numerous larger cement-ducts can be seen, even by the naked eye, or
under a weak lens, and present an elegant appearance. These larger
ducts run in parallel lines from the two chains of glands towards the
circumference. They are all encrusted with calcareous matter, and in
the more central parts are hidden under it; at each period of growth,
when the basis is added to round the circumference, it would appear
that a layer of excessive tenuity of shell is thrown down over the
whole surface, just in the same way as in Tubicinella, at each period,
a new and larger disc of membrane was thrown down over the pre-existing
membranes with their cementing apparatus. The cement-glands, in the
middle of the basal plate, seem often to give rise to small abnormal
depositions of calcareous matter. When the basis (it is best to take
a young specimen) is slowly dissolved in acid, all the cementing
apparatus is left uninjured, adhering to the delicate tissue which
before existed in a calcified condition. Near the middle I saw the two
antennæ of the pupa; and from them the two cement-trunks extended about
half-way towards the circumference. These two chains of glands are
often placed very irregularly, but they tend to form, as in Coronula,
a large angle, open towards the rostral end of the shell. The glands,
close to the old antennæ, commence abruptly, of rather large size: the
later-formed glands, with their ducts, are in regular order larger than
the younger ones, and stand much closer together. After immersion in
acid all the glands and ducts appeared empty, instead of the older
ones being, as in Coronula, filled with cement. In one case I counted
on each trunk twenty-five glands, besides some smaller obscure ones
close to the centre.
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