A Moslem seeker after God : $b showing Islam at its best in the life and teaching of al-Ghazali, mystic and theologian of the eleventh centuryZwemer, Samuel Marinus
Philosophy
A Moslem seeker after God : $b showing Islam at its best in the life and teaching of al-Ghazali, mystic and theologian of the eleventh century
Zwemer, Samuel Marinus
Ghazzali, 1058-1111
That there were translations of the Bible into Arabic to which Al-Ghazali
may have had access is probable. Dr. Kilgour tells of Arabic Gospel
manuscripts of the ninth century and of translations of the Old Testament
and portions of the New made in the Fayyoum before 942 A. D. “To the
tenth century belong versions of some books of the Old Testament from
Syriac, others from the LXX., and from the Coptic; and some fresh
translations of the Pentateuch, using the Samaritan text as well as the
Massoretic.”[9]
Diglot manuscripts in Syriac and Arabic are quite numerous. The
manuscript of the four Gospels, of which a few leaves are now in the
British Museum, is a good specimen of such a diglot. It was brought by
Tischendorf from the Syrian Convent of St. Mary Deipara in the Nitrian
Desert. In the early part of the eleventh century an Arabic scholar
made a version of Tatian’s Diatessaron, that early Syriac Harmony of
the Gospels which helped the Christian Church to realize the main facts
concerning our Saviour. A version of the Psalms was prepared in the
middle of the same century for use in the Church services of the papal or
Melchite Greeks. This was translated from the Greek Psalter, and, from
the place where it was first printed, became known afterwards as the
Aleppo Psalter.[10] It remains an interesting question whether Al-Ghazali
in his travels, or while still in Khorasan, ever examined the New
Testament.
We are told that the Jews translated their law into Persian by 827 A. D.
It is, therefore, hard to acquit the Christians of Persia of negligence.
Their bishops found time to write learned treatises in Persian and
Arabic, and even to translate Aristotle, but not to give Moslems the
Scriptures. Yet Al-Kindi and others like him, many of whose names and
writings are lost, were not afraid to give their testimony even at the
court of the Caliphs. “The Church,” says W. T. Whiteley,[11] “had not
failed to exercise an influence on Islam around it, while Christians
might not, on peril of death, seek to win converts direct, a command
occasionally violated with honour and success, yet all the development of
Islam at Damascus and Bagdad was in a Christian atmosphere.”
The Christianity of that period was, however, not the religion of Christ
in its purity nor after the example of His love and toleration. Mutual
hatred and suspicion prevented real intercourse of those who, as devout
Christians and devout Moslems, were both seeking God. The Moslem was
feared and the Christian despised. The followers of Jesus were the
enemies of Allah in the eyes of Moslems.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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