It has already been intimated that this evolution of the Scandinavian schools has been compelled by their environment in American communities more than by any inherent desire of their own. One of these influences has been the attractions which American schools and colleges in the Northwest have especially offered to the Scandinavian young people. The University of Minnesota for example, offers an attractive course in Scandinavian literature under a very capable teacher in that department, and some effort in the same direction is made by the Chicago University. Carleton College has taken a still more decided step by establishing a complete Scandinavian department for the benefit of the young people of that race who may prefer to attend a purely American institution. Another influence which is permeating the densest Scandinavian communities and is reaching the most isolated families is exerted by the Scandinavian press. The importance of this factor will be understood, at least in part, when we know how generally the Scandinavians are a reading people. According to our last census there are 933,349 of them in the United States who were born across the sea. The one hundred and twenty-seven newspapers published for their benefit here, have a circulation of 885,549. That is to say, if the immigrants were the only subscribers to these papers, every one of them with the exception of about 50,000 would be a subscriber to a newspaper in his own tongue; and it may be added that these 50,000 really represent the children for whom almost nothing seems to be done in this particular. Papers like the _Youth's Companion_ and _St. Nicholas_ are almost unknown to the Scandinavian children in America, but thus is the second generation woven into our social fabric. It is evident, of course, that these one hundred and twenty-seven Scandinavian newspapers are read by as many of those who are born here, as by those of the other class, for it is usually estimated by newspaper men that every copy of a weekly paper is read on the average by five persons. No less than 4,427,740 Scandinavians, therefore, in this country would be constant readers of their own papers. As there are only half as many persons here who are able to read the Scandinavian languages, it may be concluded that this entire people is keeping abreast with the history of the great world outside their own immediate circle, however narrow and contracted that may be.