UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Volume 14, No. 10, pp. 135-138, 2 figs. April 30, 1962 A New Doglike Carnivore, Genus Cynarctus, From the Clarendonian, Pliocene, of Texas BY E. RAYMOND HALL and WALTER W. DALQUEST UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE 1962 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, Henry S. Fitch, Theodore H. Eaton, Jr. Volume 14, No. 10, pp. 135-138, 2 figs. Published April 30, 1962 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Lawrence, Kansas PRINTED BY JEAN M. NEIBARGER, STATE PRINTER TOPEKA, KANSAS 1962 29-2890 A New Doglike Carnivore, Genus Cynarctus, From the Clarendonian, Pliocene, of Texas BY E. RAYMOND HALL and WALTER W. DALQUEST A study of a right maxilla bearing P3-M1 and part of a right mandibular ramus bearing m2 (see figures) reveals the existence of an unnamed species of cynarctine carnivore. It may be known as: =Cynarctus fortidens= new species _Holotype._--Right maxilla bearing P3, P4, and M1, No. 11353 KU; bluff on west side of Turkey Creek, approximately 75 feet above stream, Raymond Farr Ranch, Center NE, NE, S. 48 Blk. C-3, E. L. and R. R. Ry. Co., Donley County, Texas [approximately 6.5 miles north and 1 mile east of Clarendon], Clarendon fauna, Early Pliocene age. Obtained by W. W. Dalquest, on June 25, 1960. _Referred material._--Fragment of right lower mandible bearing m2, No. 11354 KU (see fig. 2), found about two feet horizontally distant from the holotype in the same stratum as the holotype and on the same date by the same collector (a staff member of the Department of Biology of Midwestern University, Wichita Falls, Texas). [Illustration: FIG. 1. _Cynarctus fortidens_, No. 11353 KU (Midwestern Univ. No. 2044). Lateral view of holotype × 1, and occlusal view of check-teeth × 2.] [Illustration: FIG. 2. _Cynarctus fortidens_, No. 11354 KU (Midwestern Univ. No. 2045). Lateral view of right lower mandible and m2 × 1 and oblique occlusal view of m2 × 2.] _Diagnosis._--Size large (see measurements); no accessory cusp between protocone and paracone of fourth upper premolar; first upper molar longer than broad and lacking cingulum on part of tooth lingual to protocone. _Comparisons._--From _Cynarctus crucidens_ Barbour and Cook (see page 225 of Two New Fossil Dogs of the Genus Cynarctus from Nebraska. Nebraska Geol. Surv., 4(pt. 15):223-227, 1914; also pages 330 and 338 of Dental Morphologie of the Procyonidae with a Description of Cynarctoides, Gen. Nov. Geol. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., 6:323-339, 10 figs., October 31, 1938) _C. fortidens_ differs in lacking, instead of having, an accessory cusp between the protocone and paracone of the fourth upper premolar and in lacking, instead of having, a cingulum on the part of P4 that is internal (lingual) to the protocone.