A New Philosophy : $b Henri BergsonLe Roy, Edouard
Philosophy
A New Philosophy : $b Henri Bergson
Le Roy, Edouard
Bergson, Henri, 1859-1941
Do the dams, canals, and buoys make the current of the river? Do the
festoons of dead seaweed ranged along the sand make the rising tide? Let
us beware of confounding the stream of becoming with the sharp outline
of its result. Analysis by concepts is a cinematograph method, and it
is plain that the inner organisation of the movement is not seen in the
moving pictures. Every moment we have fixed views of moving objects.
With such conceptual sections taken in the stream of continuity, however
many we accumulate, should we ever reconstruct the movement itself, the
dynamic connection, the march of the images, the transition from one
view to another? This capacity for movement must be contained in the
picture apparatus, and must therefore be given in addition to the views
themselves; and nothing can better prove how, after all, movement is
never explicable except by itself, never grasped except in itself.
But if we take movement as our principle, it is, on the contrary,
possible, and even easy, to slacken speed by imperceptible degrees, and
stop dead.
From a dead stop we shall never get our movement again; but rest can
very well be conceived as the limit of movement, as its arrest or
extinction; for rest is less than movement.
In this way the true philosophical method, which is the inverse of the
common method, consists in taking up a position from the very outset
in the bosom of becoming, in adopting its changing curves and variable
tension, in sympathising with the rhythm of its genesis, in perceiving
all existence from within, as a growth, in following it in its inner
generation; in short, in promoting movement to fundamental reality,
and, inversely, in degrading fixed states to the rank of secondary and
derived reality.
And thus, to come back to the example of the human personality, the
philosopher must seek in the ego not so much a ready-made unity or
multiplicity as, if I may venture the expression, two antagonistic and
correlative movements of unification and plurification.
There is then a radical difference between philosophic intuition and
conceptual analysis. The latter delights in the play of dialectic, in
fountains of knowledge, where it is interested only in the immovable
basins; the former goes back to the source of the concepts, and seeks
to possess it where it gushes out. Analysis cuts the channels; intuition
supplies the water. Intuition acquires and analysis expends.
It is not a question of banning analysis; science could not do without
it, and philosophy could not do without science. But we must reserve for
it its normal place and its just task.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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