A New System; or, an Analysis of Antient Mythology. Volume 2 (of 6)Bryant, Jacob
History
A New System; or, an Analysis of Antient Mythology. Volume 2 (of 6)
Bryant, Jacob
History, Ancient; Mythology
Socrates termed swans his fellow-servants: in doing which he alluded to the
antient priests, styled Cycni. They were people of the choir, and
officiated in the temples of the same Deities; whose servant he professed
himself to be. Hence Porphyry assures us, [184]Ὁυ παιζων ὁμοδουλους αυτου
ελεγεν τους κυκνους (Σοκρατης), _that Socrates was very serious when he
mentioned swans as his fellow-servants._ When, therefore, Aristophanes
speaks of the [185]Delian and Pythian swans, they are the priests of those
places, to whom he alludes. And when it is said by Plato, that the soul of
Orpheus, out of disgust to womankind, led the life of a [186]swan, the
meaning certainly is, that he retired from the world to some cloister, and
lived a life of celibacy, like a priest. For the priests of many countries,
but particularly of Egypt, were recluses, and devoted themselves to
[187]celibacy: hence monkery came originally from Egypt. Lycophron, who was
of Egypt, and skilled in antient terms, styles Calchas, who was the priest
of Apollo, a swan. [188]Μολοσσου κυπεως κοιτου κυκνον. These epithets, the
Scholiast tells us, belong to Apollo; and Calchas is called a swan, δια το
γηραιον, και μαντικον: _because he was an old prophet and priest_. Hence,
at the first institution of the rites of Apollo, which is termed the birth
of the Deity, at Delos, it is said that many swans came from the coast of
Asia, and went round the island for the space of seven days.
[189]Κυκνοι δε θεου μελποντες αοιδοι
Μηονιον Πακτωλον εκυκλωσαντο λιποντες
Ἑβδομακις περι Δηλον· επηεισαν δε λοχειῃ
Μουσαων ορνιθες, αοιδοτατοι πετεηνων.
The whole of this relates to a choir of priests, who came over to settle at
Delos, and to serve in the newly erected temple. They circled the island
seven times; because seven, of old, was looked upon as a mysterious and
sacred number.
[190]Ἑβδομη ειν αγαθοις, και ἑβδομη εστι γενεθλη.
Ἑβδομη εν πρωτοισι, και ἑβδομη εστι τελειη.
Ἑβδοματῃ δη ὁι τετελεσμενα παντα τετυκται.
Ἑπτα δε παντα τετυκται εν ουρανῳ αστεροεντι.
The birds in the island of Diomedes, which were said to have been
originally companions of that hero, were undoubtedly priests, and of the
same race as those of whom I have been treating. They are represented as
gentle to good men, and averse to those who are bad. Ovid describes their
shape and appearance: [191]Ut non cygnorum, sic albis proxima cygnis;
which, after what has been said, may, I think, be easily understood.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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