The occasional illustrations are photographic reproductions of original oil sketches. Philadelphia, April, 1911. PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION In accordance with the kind suggestions of a well-known barrister, a number of corrections have been adopted in the text of this edition. Some of them it had been the intention of the Author to make before his death and others have seemed necessary in order to secure greater accuracy and to preserve the value of the book for purposes of reference. May 18, 1912. CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. FIRST IMPRESSIONS 1 The Law Courts Building on the Strand.--A Court Room.--Participants in a Trial.--Wigs and Gowns. --Colloquial Methods.--Agreeable Voices.-- Similarity to American Trials. II. THE MAKING OF LAWYERS 9 Classes from which Barristers and Solicitors are Drawn.--The Inns of Court.--Inns of Chancery.-- American Students at Period of Revolution.--A Barrister's Chambers.--Training of Barristers in an Inn.--Being Called to the Bar.--Training of Solicitors. III. BARRISTERS 29 Waiting for Solicitors as Clients. "Devilling." --Juniors.--Conduct of a Trial.--"Taking Silk." --Becoming a K. C.--Active Practice.--The Small Number of Barristers. IV. BARRISTERS--THE COMMON LAW AND CHANCERY BARS 39 Bar Divided into Two Parts. No Distinction Between Criminal and Civil Practice.--Leaders.--"Taking His Seat" in a Particular Court.--"Going Special." --List of Specials and Leaders.--Significance of Gowns and "Weepers." "Bands."--"Court Coats."-- Wigs in the House of Lords.--Barristers' Bags, Blue and Red. V. SOLICITORS 49 Line Which Separates Them from the Bar.--Solicitor a Business Man.--Family Solicitors.--Great City Firms of Solicitors.--The Number of Solicitors in England and Wales.--Tendency Toward Abolishing the Distinction Between Barrister and Solicitor.-- Solicitors Wear no Distinctive Dress Except in County Courts.--Solicitors' Bags. VI. BUSINESS AND FEES 57 Influential Friends of Barrister.--Junior's and Leader's Brief Fees.--Fees of Common Law and Chancery Barristers.--Barrister Partnerships not Allowed.--English Litigation Less Important than American.--Clerks of Barristers and Solicitors Haggle over Fees.--Solicitors' Fees. VII. DISCIPLINE OF THE BAR AND OF SOLICITORS 67 The General Council of the Bar.--The Statutory Committee of the Incorporated Law Society. --Rulings on Various Matters.--Lapses from Correct Standards. VIII. THE CIVIL COURTS 87