The frame house shown is believed to be typical of many built by the yeomen settlers after 1630. A coarse marsh grass thatch covers the roof and rough clapboards cover the sides of the building. The few casement windows used have diamond-shaped panes, and heavy wooden doors swing on hand wrought iron strap hinges. In the foreground is a large brick chimney, oven, and woodshed. The shed and recessed nook in front of the oven are covered with red earthenware pantiles. Jamestown has taken on a degree of permanency, and many of the Colonists are realizing small profits from the sale of tobacco.] After the settlement had become fairly well established the colonists began building a few brick houses. In the picture English artisans are shown erecting a small brick structure at Jamestown about the year 1630. It is quite clear from the documentary records and the archeological remains that the colonists not only made their own bricks--and probably many of their roofing tiles--but that the process, as well as the finished product, followed closely the English tradition. An old account, relating to brick-making in England three hundred years ago, is summarized: 1. Before Christmas we begin to dig the earth and let it lie to mellow till Easter. 2. Then we water the earth well and temper it with a narrow spade. 3. The moulder cuts off a piece of earth, throws it into the mould made of beech, levelling it off with a wooden implement called a strike. 4. The carrier carries the mould to the drying ground, where he adroitly turns it over, laying the bricks on the ground, and lifts up the mould. 5. When the bricks are dry, they carry them to a place where they row them up like a wall. They are covered with straw, till they are dry enough to be carried to the kiln. 6. Then they are stacked in the kiln, a fire kept till they are at the top red fire hot. 7. Then we let them cool, and sell them as we can for as much money as we can get, but usually about 13 or 14 shillings the thousand. Similar methods may have been used at Jamestown during the seventeenth century. [Illustration: Building A Small Brick House At Jamestown, About 1630 _Conjectural sketch_] [Illustration: Making Brick At Jamestown About 1650 _Conjectural sketch_] [Illustration: _Photo courtesy National Park Service._ Overall View Of Brick Kiln Unearthed at Jamestown In addition to bricks, flat roofing tiles were found in this kiln--placed there for firing with the bricks. Four brick kilns were discovered at Jamestown during archeological explorations.]