A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, Vol. I.Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose
Religion
A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, Vol. I.
Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose
Bible. New Testament -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
(10) In like manner transcribers sometimes quote passages from the Old
Testament more fully than the writers of the New Testament had judged
necessary for their purpose. Thus ἐγγίζει μοι ... τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν καί
Matt. xv. 8: ἰάσασθαι τοὺς συντετριμμένους τὴν καρδίαν Luke iv. 18: αὐτοῦ
ἀκούσεσθε Acts vii. 37: οὐ ψευδομαρτυρήσεις Rom. xiii. 9; ἤ βολίδι
κατατοξευθήσεται Heb. xii. 20, and (less certainly) καὶ κατέστησας αὐτὸν
ἐπὶ τὰ ἔργα τῶν χειρῶν σου Heb. ii. 7, are all open to suspicion as being
genuine portions of the Old Testament text, but not also of the New. In
Acts xiii. 33, the Codex Bezae at Cambridge stands almost alone in adding
Ps. ii. 8 to that portion of the previous verse which was unquestionably
cited by St. Paul.
(11) Synonymous words are often interchanged, and so form various
readings, the sense undergoing some slight and refined modification, or
else being quite unaltered. Thus ἔφη should be preferred to εἶπεν Matt.
xxii. 37, where εἶπεν of the common text is supported only by two known
manuscripts, that at Leicester, and one used by Erasmus. So also ὀμμάτων
is put for ὀφθαλμῶν Matt. ix. 29 by the Codex Bezae. In Matt. xxv. 16 the
evidence is almost evenly balanced between ἐποίησεν and ἐκέρδησεν (cf.
ver. 17). Where simple verbs are interchanged with their compounds (e.g.
μετρηθήσεται with ἀντιμετρηθήσεται Matt. vii. 2; ἐτέλεσεν with συνετέλεσεν
_ibid._ ver. 28; καίεται with κατακαίεται xiii. 40), or different tenses
of the same verb (e.g. εἰληφώς with λαβών Acts xiv. 24; ἀνθέστηκε with
ἀντέστη 2 Tim. iv. 15), there is usually some _internal_ reason why one
should be chosen rather than the other, if the _external_ evidence on the
other side does not greatly preponderate. When one of two terms is
employed in a sense peculiar to the New Testament dialect, the easier
synonym may be suspected of having originated in a gloss or marginal
interpretation. Hence _caeteris paribus_ we should adopt δικαιοσύνην
rather than ἐλεημοσύνην in Matt. vi. 1; ἐσκυλμένοι rather than ἐκλελυμένοι
ix. 36; ἀθῶον rather than δίκαιον xxvii. 4.
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