15. Abbreviated words are perhaps least met with in Cod. Vatican., but even it has _θσ_, _κσ_, _ισ_, _χσ_, _πνα_ for θεός, κύριος, ἰησοῦς, χριστός, πνεῦμα, &c. and their cases. [Transcriber’s Note: In this e-book, underlines are used to represent the overlines used in the paper book.] The Cotton Genesis has _θου_ ch. i. 27 by a later hand, but θεου ch. xli. 38. Besides these Codd. Sinaiticus, Alex., Ephraemi and the rest supply _ανοσ_, _ουνοσ_, _πηρ_ (_πρ_ Cod. Sarrav. Num. xii. 14, &c., _πτηρ_ Cod. Rossanensis), _μηρ_, _ιλημ_ or _ιηλμ_ or _ιλμ_ or _ιηό_ (_ιελμ_ Cod. Sarrav.), _ιηϊ_ or _ισλ_ or _ισηλ_, _δαδ_, and some of them _σηρ_ for σωτήρ, _υσ_ for υἱός, _παρνξς_ [with a theta above the line] for παρθένος (Bodleian Genesis), _σρσ_ for σταυρός: Cod. L has πνευ, and Cod. Vatican. in the _Old_ Testament _ανοσ_ and _πρσ_ occasionally, _ἐθν_ and _ιλημ_ or _ιλμ_ often(51); Evan. 604 has _σηρ_ for σωτήρ, and _ἐθν_ for ἐθνῶν(52). Cod. Bezae always writes at length ανθρωπος, μητηρ, υἱος, σωτηρ, οὐρανος, δαυειδ, ἰσραηλ, ἱερουσαλημ; but abridges the sacred names into _χρσ_, _ιησ_(53) &c. and their cases, as very frequently, but by no means invariably, do the kindred Codd. Augiens., Sangall., and Boerner. Cod. Z seldom abridges, and all copies often set υἱος in full. A few dots sometimes supply the place of the line denoting abbreviation (e.g. θσ [with dots over the letters] Cotton Genesis, ανοσ [with dots over the letters] Colbert. Pentateuch). A straight line over the last letter of a line, sometimes over any vowel, indicates N (or also M in the Latin of Codd. Bezae and Claromont.) in all the Biblical uncials, but is placed only over numerals in the Herculanean rolls: κ [with tilde below and to the right], τ [with tilde below and to the right], and less often θ [with tilde below and to the right] for καί (see p. 16, note 1), -ται, -θαι are met with in Cod. Sinaiticus and all later except Cod. Z: [symbol somewhat like Arabic number 8] for ου chiefly in Codd. L, Augiensis, B of the Apocalypse, and the more recent uncials. Such _compendia scribendi_ as [symbol like Pi with Rho] in the Herculanean rolls (above p. 33) occur mostly at the end of lines: that form, with ΜΥ [with small circle between the letters] (No. 11 a, l. 4), and a few more even in the Cod. Sinaiticus; in Cod. Sarrav. Μ [with small circle over the letter] stands for both μου and μοι; in Cureton’s Homer we have Πς for πους, Σς for -σας and such like. In later books they are more numerous and complicated, particularly in cursive writing. The terminations [small raised circle] for ος, [horizontal line] for ν, [symbol like left single quotation mark] or [symbol like two left quotation marks] for ον, [symbol like right double quotation mark] for αις, [symbol like tilde] for ων or ω or ως, [symbol like raised small sigma] for ης, [symbol like raised small upsilon] for ου are familiar; besides others, peculiar to one or a few copies, e.g. τγ for ττ in Burney 19, and Burdett-Coutts i.