A Plea for Captain John Brown: Read to the citizens of Concord, Massachusetts on Sunday evening, October thirtieth, eighteen fifty-nineThoreau, Henry David
History
A Plea for Captain John Brown: Read to the citizens of Concord, Massachusetts on Sunday evening, October thirtieth, eighteen fifty-nine
Any man knows when he is justified, and all the wits in the world
cannot enlighten him on that point. The murderer always knows that he
is justly punished; but when a government takes the life of a man
without the consent of his conscience, it is an audacious government,
and is taking a step towards its own dissolution. Is it not possible
that an individual may be right and a government wrong? Are laws to be
enforced simply because they were made? or declared by any number of
men to be good, if they are _not_ good? Is there any necessity for a
man’s being a tool to perform a deed of which his better nature
disapproves? Is it the intention of law-makers that _good_ men shall be
hung ever? Are judges to interpret the law according to the letter, and
not the spirit? What right have _you_ to enter into a compact with
yourself that you _will_ do thus or so, against the light within you?
Is it for _you_ to _make up_ your mind,—to form any resolution
whatever,—and not accept the convictions that are forced upon you, and
which ever pass your understanding? I do not believe in lawyers, in
that mode of attacking or defending a man, because you descend to meet
the judge on his own ground, and, in cases of the highest importance,
it is of no consequence whether a man breaks a human law or not. Let
lawyers decide trivial cases. Business men may arrange that among
themselves. If they were the interpreters of the everlasting laws which
rightfully bind man, that would be another thing. A counterfeiting
law-factory, standing half in a slave land and half in a free! What
kind of laws for free men can you expect from that?
I am here to plead his cause with you. I plead not for his life, but
for his character,—his immortal life; and so it becomes your cause
wholly, and is not his in the least. Some eighteen hundred years ago
Christ was crucified; this morning, perchance, Captain Brown was hung.
These are the two ends of a chain which is not without its links. He is
not Old Brown any longer; he is an Angel of Light.
I see now that it was necessary that the bravest and humanest man in
all the country should be hung. Perhaps he saw it himself. I _almost
fear_ that I may yet hear of his deliverance, doubting if a prolonged
life, if _any_ life, can do as much good as his death.
“Misguided”! “Garrulous”! “Insane”! “Vindictive”! So ye write in your
easy-chairs, and thus he wounded responds from the floor of the Armory,
clear as a cloudless sky, true as the voice of nature is: “No man sent
me here; it was my own prompting and that of my Maker. I acknowledge no
master in human form.”
And in what a sweet and noble strain he proceeds, addressing his
captors, who stand over him: “I think, my friends, you are guilty of a
great wrong against God and humanity, and it would be perfectly right
for any one to interfere with you so far as to free those you willfully
and wickedly hold in bondage.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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