I have divided the entire history into books, placing at the beginning of each book a general chapter defining the central idea and salient features of the step in development therein recounted. The student who will attentively peruse these chapters in succession will have in them a fairly complete account of the entire progress. W. S. B. MATHEWS. _Chicago, May 5, 1891._ LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. PAGE. Chart of Greatest Composers 11 Chart of Italian Composers 12 Chart of German Composers 13 Pianists and Composers for Piano 14 King David Playing the Three-stringed Crwth 24 Egyptian Representations, 4th Dynasty 28 Bruce's Harpers 30 Harp and Musicians of 20th Dynasty 32 Lyres Found in Tombs 33 Women, Street Musicians 34 Shoulder Harps 35 Kinnor 42 Larger Jewish Harp 43 Assyrian Harps 45 Assyrian Banjo 46 Assyrian Psaltery 47 Greek Lyres 64 Music to Ode of Pindar 69 Hindoo Vina 71 Ravanastron 72 Chinese Ke 74 Japanese Ko-Ko 76 Old Breton Song 88 Old Welsh Song 92 Welsh Song in Praise of Love 94 Harp of Sir Brian Boirohen 97 Facsimile "Sumer is Icumen In" 101 The Same Written out 102 Saxon Harp 104 Saxon Harp 105 Crwth 107 Scotch Pentatonic Melody 108 Arab Rebec 112 Arab Eoud 113 Arab Santir 114 Song by Thibaut, 13th Century 122 Reinmar, the Minnesinger 124 Frauenlob 125 Minstrel Harps 126 Gregorian and Ambrosian Scales 132 Hucbald's Staff 141 Diaphony 141 Diaphony in Fourths 142 Guido of Arezzo 144 Table of the Schools of the Netherlands 162 Orlando di Lassus 167 Music by Palestrina 173 to 175 Roman Letter Notation of Guido 181 Neumae of 10th Century 181 Neumae of 11th Century 182 Neumae with Lines 183