Importance of Celtic development of minstrelsy--origin of the Celts--the minstrel--old Breton song--the druids--classification of bards--degrees--Fetis on the Welsh minstrel--"Triads of the Isle of Britain"--old harp music--"The Two Lovers"--Gerald Barry on the Welsh--old Welsh song--the Irish--Sir Brian Boirohen's harp--English and Saxon music--King Arthur as minstrel--organ at Winchester--Scandinavian scalds--Eddas--"Sumer is Icumen in"--Anglo-Saxon harp--source of the harp in Britain--the crwth--melody in pentatonic scale. CHAPTER VII--THE ARABS, OR SARACENS 109-114 The Arab apparition in history--their taste for poetry--competitive contests of poetry and song--encouragement of literature--rebec--eoud; santir. CHAPTER VIII--ORIGIN OF THE GREAT FRENCH EPICS 115-120 Period of the Chansons de Geste--social conditions of France as given by M. Leon Gautier--"Cantilena of St. Eulalie"--subjects of the Chansons de Geste. CHAPTER IX--TROUBADOURS, TROUVERES AND MINNESINGERS 121-127 The troubadours--Count Wilhelm--varieties of their songs--melody from Thibaut--Adam de la Halle--"Story of Antioch"--"Song of Roland"--minnesinger Reinmar--Heinrich Frauenlob--minstrel harps--Hans Sachs--influence of these minstrel guilds. CHAPTER X--INFLUENCE OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH 128-133 Church not influential in the development of music as such--nature of the early Christian hymns--St. Ambrose--the Ambrosian scales; corruptions elsewhere--St. Gregory and his reforms--the Gregorian tones--many later reforms--limitations of these reforms--incidental influence of the Church through her great cathedrals. CHAPTER XI--MUSICAL DIDACTIC FROM THE FIFTH TO FOURTEENTH CENTURY 134-147 Macrobus--Martinus Capella--Boethius--Cassiodorus--Bishop Isidore; Venerable Bede--Aurelian--Remi of Auxerre--Hucbald--examples--instruments of music during the seventh and eighth centuries--Odon of Cluny--Guido of Arezzo--staff--Franco of Cologne--Franco of Paris. CHAPTER XII--THE RISE OF POLYPHONY; OLD FRENCH AND GALLO-BELGIC SCHOOLS 148-159 Origin and meaning of polyphony--monodic and homophonic--canonic imitation--chords as incidents--variety and unity--early French school--Coussemaker's researches--Leonin--descant--Perotin--names of pieces--Robert of Sabillon--Pierre de la Croix--Jean of Garland--Franco of Paris--Jean de Muris--fleurettes--John Cotton--Machaut--Gallo-Belgic school--Dufay--Hans de Zeelandia--Antoine de Busnois. CHAPTER XIII--SCHOOLS OF THE NETHERLANDS 160-167 Wealth of the Low Countries--freedom of the communes--strength of the burgher class--period of these schools--table of periods and masters--Okeghem--Tinctor--Josquin--his popularity--Arkadelt; Gombert--Willaert--Goudimel--Cypriano de Rore--Orlando de Lassus--his Munich school--his genius.