CHAPTER XXVII--BEETHOVEN AND HIS WORKS 305-315 A worthy successor to Haydn and Mozart--early years--orchestral leader--piano playing--his friends--Count Waldstein--his first visit to Vienna--settled in Vienna--compositions--life--appearance--place in art. CHAPTER XXVIII--HAYDN, MOZART AND BEETHOVEN COMPARED 316-326 Their relation to symphony--refinement of Mozart--early age of Mozart--Beethoven's independence--relation to sonata--Beethoven more free--climax of classical art--Beethoven adagios--summing up--tendency of progress. CHAPTER XXIX--OPERA IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 327-351 Three great names--Graun--Gluck--his reforms--his ideal--early works--"Orpheus"--"Iphigenie"--Mozart's place in opera--Rameau--theoretical writings--Rousseau--Phillidor--Monsigny--Gretry--Gossec--Mehul--Lesueur; Boieldieu--French opera in general--Italian opera--Pergolesi--Jomelli; Sacchini--Paisiello--Piccini--Zingarelli--opera in England--Purcell; Dr. Arne. CHAPTER XXX--PIANO PLAYING VIRTUOSI--VIOLINISTS--TARTINI AND SPOHR 352-369 Pianoforte established as domestic instrument--Scarlatti--Mattheson--Dr. Blow--John Bull--Clementi--Dussek--Cramer--Berger--Hummel--Moscheles; Tartini--Spohr. BOOK FIFTH--EPOCH OF THE ROMANTIC. CHAPTER XXXI--THE NINETEENTH CENTURY--THE ROMANTIC--MUSIC OF THE FUTURE 373-380 Classic and romantic defined--art in general--applied to music--illustrated by Schubert--Schumann--development of virtuosity--Berlioz--"music of the future"--how originating--the outlook. CHAPTER XXXII--SCHUBERT AND THE ROMANTIC 381-391 Early life of Schubert--compositions--first songs--"Erl King"--rapidity of composition--unfinished symphony--industry--spontaneity--personal characteristics. CHAPTER XXXIII--STORY OF THE PIANOFORTE 392-403 Origin of pianoforte--spinet--clavicembalo--Mozart's grand piano; Cristofori's design of action--Erard action--iron frame--Chickering; Steinway improvements. CHAPTER XXXIV--GERMAN OPERA--WEBER, MEYERBEER, WAGNER 404-427 Tendency of German opera--Weber--"Der Freischuetz"--romanticism--innovations in piano playing--Meyerbeer--early life--master works--place in art; Wagner--early life--early operas--"Lohengrin"--Zurich--Schroeder-Devrient, "Nibelung's Ring"--peculiarities. CHAPTER XXXV--VIRTUOSITY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY--PAGANINI, BERLIOZ, CHOPIN, THALBERG, LISZT 428-454 Continuity of these appearances with those already recounted--Paganini--his playing--inspiring effect--Berlioz--works--place in art--progress of piano playing--virtuosi co-operating--Thalberg and his style--Parish Alvars--Pollini--Chopin--place in art--Liszt--early appearances--rivalry with Thalberg--style--Weimar--Bonn Beethoven monument--as teacher--as composer.