Affairs became still more and more difficult; and in 1685, James II. meditated a revocation of the charter itself. The Palatine Court, wishful not to offend the king at this critical moment, and to satisfy the English merchants who were jealous of the trade of South Carolina, ordered the governor and council to use their diligence in collecting the duty on tobacco transported to other colonies, and to seize all ships that presumed to trade contrary to the acts of navigation. But vain were these orders, which they had no power to enforce. The colonists resisted every attempt of this kind, disregarding the dictates of the proprietaries, and holding themselves independent almost of the English monarch. At a loss how to manage in these perplexed circumstances, and imagining that the fault existed in the governor as well as in the people, the proprietaries resolved to remedy one error at least, by sending out James Colleton, brother of the proprietary, who, to sustain his dignity of governor-landgrave, should be endowed with 48,000 acres of land. This was like the reasoning of the founders of the Grand Model, with whom “the aristocracy was the rock of English principles,” and “the object of law the preservation of property.” Colleton arrived, armed with all the dignity that could be conferred upon his office, intending to awe the people into submission; and his first act was to come into direct collision with the colonial parliament. A majority of the members refused to obey the Grand Model constitution, and these men were excluded by him from the house, as “sapping the very foundations of government.” All returned to their several homes, spreading discontent and disaffection wherever they came. A new parliament was called, and only such members were elected to it as “would oppose every measure of the governor.” He next attempted to collect the quit-rents due to the proprietaries; but here again direct opposition met him: the people, in a state of insurrection, seized upon the public records and imprisoned the secretary of the province. Colleton not knowing how to deal with such refractory elements, pretended danger from the Indians or Spaniards; and calling out the militia, declared the province under martial law. A more unwise step could not have been taken: for men of their temper were just as likely to use their arms against a ruler whom they at once despised and disliked, as against the general enemy. Any further step in folly was saved him. The English Revolution took place; William and Mary were proclaimed, and, as if in imitation of the mother-country, Colleton was impeached by the assembly and banished the province.