Attempts to colonise the coast.—Portsmouth founded.—Richard Vines’ expedition.—First settlement of Maine and Nova Scotia.—New emigrants.—Settlement founded in the wilderness of Salem.—John Winthrop.—Settlement at Boston.—Fortunes of the colonists.—Bigotry creeps in among them.—Friendly disposition of the Indian chiefs.—Commencement of trade with Virginia, and with the Dutch, on the Hudson.—Representative government established at Massachusetts.—Arrival of Henry Vane 112–121 CHAPTER IX. RHODE ISLAND.—ROGER WILLIAMS AND ANNE HUTCHINSON. Roger Williams arrives at Massachusetts.—His liberal doctrines procure his expulsion from the colony.—His residence among the Indians.—His character.—He obtains a charter, and founds the province of Rhode Island, under the title of Providence Plantation.—The Pequods and others threaten Massachusetts.—Williams negotiates with them for his persecutors.—Anne Hutchinson and her opinions.—She is banished, and founds a new settlement in the neighbourhood of Providence.—Her melancholy death 122–130 CHAPTER X. SETTLEMENT OF CONNECTICUT. The Connecticut river discovered.—John Winthrop obtains a commission from England to build a fort, &c., at the mouth of the Connecticut river.—Severity of the first winter, and hardships endured by the colonists.—Attempt of the Dutch to take possession.—Great emigration to the valley of the Connecticut.—Expedition against the Pequods.—Terrible massacre of the Pequods, who are annihilated as a tribe.—Theophilus Eaton and John Davenport found the settlement of Quinnipiack or New Haven 131–140 CHAPTER XI. THE NEW ENGLAND UNION. Complaints made against Massachusetts.—Laud appointed commissioner over the colonies.—Preparations for resistance.—Fearful religious persecutions in England.—The danger averted from the colonies by the breaking out of the great civil war.—Union of the states for mutual protection.—Fate of the chief Miantonomob.—Roger Williams obtains the acknowledgment of Rhode Island as a separate state.—Fundamental laws of Massachusetts.—Educational measures.—Samuel Gorton founds a settlement at Shawomet.—He is summoned by Massachusetts and put in irons.—He escapes to England.—The colonists repudiate the interference of the home government.—Cromwell’s good will towards the new Englanders.—The quakers persecuted in Massachusetts.—Their obstinacy.—John Eliot among the Indians 141–160 CHAPTER XII. NEW NETHERLANDS—NEW SWEDEN.