A Population Study of the Prairie Vole (Microtus ochrogaster) in Northeastern KansasMartin, Edwin Perry
Science
A Population Study of the Prairie Vole (Microtus ochrogaster) in Northeastern Kansas
Martin, Edwin Perry
Microtus
Reactions of small mammals to live-traps and the effects of prebaiting
were described by Chitty and Kempson (1949). In general, the results of
my trapping program fit their conclusions. Each of my trapping periods,
consisting of seven to ten consecutive days, showed a gradual increase
in the number of captures per day for the first three days, with a
tendency for the number of captures to level off during the remainder of
the period. Leaving the traps baited and locked open for a day or two
before a trapping period tended to increase the catch during the first
few days of the period without any corresponding increase during the
latter part of the period. Initial reluctance of the voles to enter the
traps decreased as the traps became familiar parts of their environment.
At the beginning of the study the traps were set in a grid with
intervals of 20 feet. The interval was increased to 30 feet after three
months because a larger area could thus be covered and no loss in
trapping efficiency was apparent. The traps were set within a three foot
radius of the numbered stations, and were locked and left in position
between trapping periods.
Each individual that was captured was weighed and sexed. The resulting
data were recorded in a field notebook together with the location of the
capture and other pertinent information. Newly captured voles were
marked by toe-clipping as described by Fitch (1952:32). Information was
transferred from the field notebook to a file which contained a separate
card for each individual trapped.
In the course of the program of live-trapping, many marked voles were
recaptured one or more times. Most frequently captured among the females
were number 8 (33 captures in seven months) and number 73 (30 captures
in eight months). Among the males, number 37 (21 captures in six months)
and number 62 (21 captures in eight months) were most frequently taken.
The mean number of captures per individual was 3.6. For females, the
mean number of captures per individual was 3.8 and for males it was 3.4.
Females seemingly acquired the habit of entering traps more readily than
did males. No correlation between any seasonally variable factor and the
number of captures per individual was apparent. To a large degree, the
formation of trap habits by voles was an individual peculiarity.
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