Civet in its natural state being, with difficulty, soluble in alcohol, triturate it in a mortar to a pulverulent mass together with some dry substance, for instance, whiting or exhausted orris-root powder. The mixture is then brought into a glass flask, the alcohol added, and the whole frequently shaken. _Ambergris tincture._--Ambergris 5½ drachms, alcohol of the best quality 1 quart. Ambergris dissolving readily in alcohol, pulverizing is not required, but if it is done, great care should be exercised to prevent loss of this expensive substance. Ambergris is not so much distinguished by its aroma as by its indestructibility, which renders it especially suitable for fixing odors. _Castor tincture._--Castor 3½ ozs., best quality of alcohol 3 pints. Comminute the castor as much as possible, bring it into a glass flask and add the alcohol. Perfume-substances resembling musk having in the last few years increased to an extraordinary degree, the use of castor has been almost entirely abandoned on account of its disagreeable odor. The tincture can only be employed, when very old, for cheap perfumes. _Benzoin tincture._--Benzoin (Siam) 2 lbs., best quality of alcohol 3 quarts. Convert the benzoin into a coarse powder, bring it into a flask, add the alcohol and shake thoroughly. Solution takes place in 10 to 12 days. Siam benzoin is the finest and most expensive and is indispensable for _Extraits d'Odeurs_. For cheaper products of perfumery, Sumatra benzoin answers very well. _Peru-balsam tincture._--Peru balsam 8 ozs., best quality of alcohol 5 quarts. _Tolu-balsam tincture._--Tolu balsam 3 lbs., best quality of alcohol 5 quarts. Bring the alcohol into a bottle. Tolu balsam cannot be reduced to a powder, hence it is necessary to keep it right cool, whereby it becomes brittle so that it can be cut up with a sharp instrument and a hammer. The pieces detached are rapidly brought into the alcohol, solution taking place in about 14 days. If the alcohol were added to the tolu balsam, the latter would ball together, rendering solution very difficult. Frequent vigorous shaking is necessary. _Olibanum tincture._--Olibanum 2 lbs., best quality of alcohol 4 quarts. Reduce the olibanum to as fine a powder as possible, bring it into a flask, add the alcohol and shake frequently. _Opopanax tincture._--Opopanax 2 lbs., best quality of alcohol 4 quarts. Reduce the opopanax to a coarse powder, bring it into a bottle, add the alcohol and shake frequently. _Storax tincture._--_Storax liquidus_ 4 lbs., alcohol of best quality 5 quarts. Bring the alcohol first into the flask. Then place the pot containing the storax in warm water until it becomes more liquid, and then pour it in very thin threads into the flask. Shake frequently. _Myrrh tincture._--Myrrh 1 lb., best quality of alcohol 2 quarts. _Musk-seed or abelmosk tincture._--Abelmosk grains 21 ozs., best quality of alcohol 2½ quarts.