Traversing the southern way she is purifying the creatures. She is the wife of Purukutsa and the mother of Trāsadasyu (59). The ancestral manes are to be adored—and when this is neglected at various cycles the Patriarch Manu introduces the performance of Srāddha in their honour (70). O foremost of the twice-born, of all the ancestral manes Yama was first born and he protected all created beings by his own virtue. Therefore he is designated in the Vedas as Srāddhadeva (71). When after reciting the mystic formulae, oblation is offered in silver or silver-plated vessels to the ancestral manes it encompasses their gratification (72). Having first propitiated Yama the son of Vivaswān and then Soma, one should offer oblation unto fire; and in the absence of fire unto water (73). The ancestral manes are pleased with him who reverentially brings about their gratification, and confer upon him nourishment, innumerable offspring, wealth and all other desired-for objects. O ascetic, the worship of the ancestral manes is preferred to that of the celestials (74–75). It is ordained by scriptures that before the celestials the ancestral manes should be gratified. The latter are easily pleased, freed from anger and they confer the most excellent gratification on men (76). O descendant of Bhrigu, the gratification of ancestral manes is ever constant. Therefore do thou bow unto them. Thou art ever devoted unto thy ancestral manes and specially unto me (77). I shall do what conduces to thy well-being. Do thou witness it thyself. O sinless one, I shall confer on thee celestial vision together with discriminative knowledge (78). Listen attentively, O Markandeya, to the means thereof. This is not the Yoga state of the celestials but the most excellent state of the celestials (79). Such persons of consummate ascetic powers behold me with their own eyes. Having thus spoken to me who was present before him and conferred upon me celestial vision together with discriminative knowledge, which even the celestials can with difficulty acquire, the Lord of celestials (Sanatkumar) repaired to his wished-for region like the second burning fire (80–81). O foremost of Kurus, hear now, what I had heard, by the favour of that God—(things) above the comprehension of men in this world (12). ³³ This is a name of the Goddess Uma. It literally means _who is naturally intent on carrying on Yoga practises_. ³⁴ The word in the text is _Tapamaya_ body. It is very difficult to render the expression into English. _Tapas_ means hard religious practises, such as, placing one’s self in the midst of burning fire, exposing one’s self day and night under the Sun and to cold. By such practises a yogin can acclimatise his body to the influences of climate and restrain his passions. Thus _Tapamaya_ body means a body that is used to both heat and cold and all other climatic influences and that has mastered all the functions,