Frederick Prince of Wales = Augusta of Saxe-Gotha (son of George II. and | (daughter of Frederick II. Caroline of Ansbach). | Duke of Saxe-Gotha). | +---------------------------------+ | +--Augusta, b. 1737, d. 1813, m. Charles William Duke of Brunswick, | and had issue among others | | | Caroline, Consort of George IV., who had issue | | | Princess Charlotte, d. in childbirth, 1817. | +--George III., b. 1738, d. 1820, m. Charlotte Princess of | Mecklenburg-Strelitz, and had issue among others | | | Edward Duke of Kent | | | Queen Victoria | | | King Edward VII. | +--Edward Duke of York, b. 1738, d. 1767, unmarried. | +--Elizabeth, b. 1739, d. 1759, unmarried. | +--William Henry Duke of Gloucester, b. 1743, d. 1805, m. Maria | Countess Dowager Waldegrave, illegitimate dau. of Sir Edward | Walpole, and had issue among others | | | William Frederick Duke of Gloucester, m. Mary, dau. of George | III., no issue. | +--Henry Frederick Duke of Cumberland b. 1745, d. 1790, m. Anne, | dau. of Lord Irnham, afterwards Earl of Carlhampton, and widow | of Andrew Horton, no issue. | +--Louisa Anne, b. 1748, d. 1768, unmarried. | +--Frederick William, b. 1750, d. 1765, unmarried. | +--CAROLINE MATILDA, b. July 11, 1751, m. 1766, Christian VII., King of Denmark, d. 1775, and had issue | Frederick VI., King of Denmark, d. 1839, and Louise Augusta, Duchess of Augustenburg, d. 1843. CHAPTER II. CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH. 1751-1760. The early years of the Princess Matilda were passed at Carlton House and Kew. After her husband's death the Princess-Dowager of Wales, as she was called, resided for the most part in London at Carlton House. She used Leicester House on state occasions, and kept it chiefly for her two elder sons who lived there with their tutors. Carlton House was a stately building fronting St. James's Park with an entrance in Pall Mall. It was built by a Lord Carlton in the reign of Queen Anne, and was sold in 1732 to Frederick Prince of Wales. The great feature of Carlton House was its beautiful garden, which extended along the Mall as far as Marlborough House, and was laid out on the same plan as Pope's famous garden at Twickenham. There were smooth lawns, fine trees and winding walks, and bowers, grottoes and statuary abounded. This garden gave Carlton House a great advantage over Leicester House in the matter of privacy, and was of benefit to the children.