_Treatment._—Absolute sterile cleanliness in the preparation and administering of the patient’s food. The mouth must be cleansed with warm boric acid solution after every feeding. The patches should be touched gently with the same solution, and the lips anointed with a soothing lotion. =Convulsions.=—The principal predisposing causes are infancy conditions affecting the nutrition of the brain and hereditary influences. The brain grows more during the first year than in later life, and this rapidity of growth is in itself an important predisposing cause of functional derangement. After infancy attacks of convulsions are much less frequent, and after seven years they are relatively rare. Death may take place from a single attack in very young infants, especially those who are rachitic. Convulsions may be thought to indicate the onset of some acute disease when they occur in a child over two years old, and when they come on suddenly or with only slight premonition in a child previously well; but the most important point is that they are accompanied by a high temperature—104°-106° F. Acute meningitis is the only other condition likely to produce these symptoms. Whether the convulsions mark the onset of lobar pneumonia, scarlet fever, malaria, or some other disease can be determined only by carefully watching the patient’s symptoms for 24 or 36 hours. In convulsions depending upon some disorder of the alimentary tract, we may get a history of chronic constipation or improper feeding, and in nursing infants, sometimes of passion or intoxication in the wet-nurse. Convulsions are so frequently due to digestive derangement that the condition of these organs should be one of the first things to be looked into. Examination of the urine should never be omitted in any case of convulsions of doubtful origin, even where no dropsy is present. This, both in infants and older children, is too often overlooked. In all cases of convulsions of doubtful or obscure origin occurring in infants, rickets should be suspected as the underlying cause, and the child carefully examined for other evidences of that disease. _Treatment._—Cold should be applied to the head, best by means of an ice-cap or cold cloths, and dry heat and counterirritation to the surface of the body and extremities.