When, after imprisonment and long sustention in a powerful tornadic vortex, the accumulated rain or hail finally breaks through and pours down to earth, in solid cataract, the phenomenon is commonly called a cloud-burst. The foregoing example is a partial illustration. The following is quoted from Espy, describing a cloud-burst near Hollidaysburg, Penn., in which the water seems to have poured down nearly in a solid stream: “On examining the northern side of this ridge, large masses of gravel and rocks and trees and earth, to the number of 22, were found lying at the base on the plain below, having been washed down from the side of the ridge by running water. The places from which these masses started could easily be seen from the base, being only about 30 yards up the side. On going to the head of these washes they were found to be nearly round basins from 1 to 6 feet deep, without any drains leading into them from above. The old leaves of last year’s growth, and other light materials, were lying undisturbed above, within an inch of the rim of these basins, which were generally cut down nearly perpendicularly on the upper side, and washed out clean on the lower. The greater part of these basins were nearly of the same diameter, about 20 feet, and the trees that stood in their places were all washed out. Those below the basin were generally standing, and showed by the leaves and grass drifted on their upper side how high the water was in running down the side of the ridge; on some it was as high as three feet. It probably, however, dashed up on the trees above its general level.”