In opening the worst of these two cases, we distinctly leave out of our specifications all those acts which may be put down as chargeable to the ordinary and inevitable horrors of war. At the same time we must remember that even the most brutal prize ring has its rules and its ethics, which are rigidly enforced. Even a fighter whose face is being beaten to a pulp may not bite, kick, gouge, or strike below the belt; no, not even when defeat and ruin stare him in the face. The fighting must be "fair," or the decision is at once given to the recipient of the "foul" act. Until Germany invaded Belgium, and Turkey went to work to exterminate the Armenians, the world supposed that the Christian nations had reformed, that all civilized nations recognized the latest international code of ethics in war, and would live up to it. It was then against the rules of civilized warfare to shoot, stab, burn or beat to death the civilian populations of captured territory, to starve prisoners, to kill prisoners and wounded men, to use expanding bullets, to rape women, to force women to become soldier's prostitutes, to poison wells, to use poison in any form, to destroy maliciously works of art, science and literature; to sink merchant ships at sea without assuring the safety of passengers and crew, and to bombard cities from the air for the slaughter of their helpless civilian inhabitants. According to a great mass of official records, all of those barbarous, cruel, inhumane and wild-animal acts have been done by Germany, on well-nigh countless occasions. The evidence is thoroughly conclusive. The German soldiers and sailors, both officers and men, are the most cruel and brutal criminals of all the world. In Servia the Austrian record is almost as rotten. In 1898, Count Goetzen said, regarding the treacherous designs of Germany on France, England and America: "If you do speak of this, =no one will believe you=, and everyone will laugh at you!" To-day, the American people as a mass do not know more than one one-hundredth part of the crimes of Germany during the past three years. The reason is that it is impossible to place before them the great mass of publications and documents, such as that which now lies before me, that is necessary to convey full knowledge of this ghastly subject. Without this evidence, or at least a lengthy digest of it, the utter depravity of the German Germans is, to a clean and humane American, absolutely incomprehensible. It takes strong nerves to go through these thousands of pages of printed documents, and scores of ghastly pictures, without becoming thoroughly shaken.