A Selection from the Discourses of Epictetus with the EncheiridionEpictetus
Philosophy
A Selection from the Discourses of Epictetus with the Encheiridion
Epictetus
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
But the tyrant will chain—what? The leg. He will take away—what? The
neck. What then will he not chain and not take away? The will. This is
why the ancients taught the maxim, Know thyself. Therefore we ought to
exercise ourselves in small things, and beginning with them to proceed
to the greater. I have pain in the head. Do not say, Alas! I have pain
in the ear. Do not say alas! And I do not say that you are not allowed
to groan, but do not groan inwardly; and if your slave is slow in
bringing a bandage, do not cry out and torment yourself, and say, Every
body hates me; for who would not hate such a man? For the future,
relying on these opinions, walk about upright, free; not trusting to
the size of your body, as an athlete, for a man ought not to be
invincible in the way that an ass is.
HOW WE SHOULD BEHAVE TO TYRANTS.—If a man possesses any superiority, or
thinks that he does when he does not, such a man, if he is
uninstructed, will of necessity be puffed up through it. For instance,
the tyrant says, I am master of all! And what can you do for me? Can
you give me desire which shall have no hindrance? How can you? Have you
the infallible power of avoiding what you would avoid? Have you the
power of moving towards an object without error? And how do you possess
this power? Come, when you are in a ship, do you trust to yourself or
to the helmsman? And when you are in a chariot, to whom do you trust
but to the driver? And how is it in all other arts? Just the same. In
what, then, lies your power? All men pay respect to me. Well, I also
pay respect to my platter, and I wash it and wipe it; and for the sake
of my oil-flask, I drive a peg into the wall. Well, then, are these
things superior to me? No, but they supply some of my wants, and for
this reason I take care of them. Well, do I not attend to my ass? Do I
not wash his feet? Do I not clean him? Do you not know that every man
has regard to himself, and to you just the same as he has regard to his
ass? For who has regard to you as a man? Show me. Who wishes to become
like you? Who imitates you, as he imitates Socrates? But I can cut off
your head. You say right. I had forgotten that I must have regard to
you, as I would to a fever and the bile, and raise an altar to you, as
there is at Rome an altar to fever.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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