A Selection from the Discourses of Epictetus with the EncheiridionEpictetus
Philosophy
A Selection from the Discourses of Epictetus with the Encheiridion
Epictetus
Philosophy -- Early works to 1800
Where then is there reason for fear? where is
there then still reason for anger, and of fear about what belongs to
others, about things which are of no value? For we ought to have these
two principles in readiness, that except the will nothing is good nor
bad; and that we ought not to lead events, but to follow them. My
brother ought not to have behaved thus to me. No, but he will see to
that; and, however he may behave, I will conduct myself towards him as
I ought. For this is my own business; that belongs to another: no man
can prevent this, the other thing can be hindered.
ABOUT EXERCISE.—We ought not to make our exercises consist in means
contrary to nature and adapted to cause admiration, for if we do so, we
who call ourselves philosophers, shall not differ at all from jugglers.
For it is difficult even to walk on a rope; and not only difficult, but
it is also dangerous. Ought we for this reason to practice walking on a
rope, or setting up a palm-tree, or embracing statues? By no means.
Every thing which is difficult and dangerous is not suitable for
practice; but that is suitable which conduces to the working out of
that which is proposed to us. And what is that which is proposed to us
as a thing to be worked out? To live with desire and aversion
(avoidance of certain things) free from restraint. And what is this?
Neither to be disappointed in that which you desire, nor to fall into
anything which you would avoid. Towards this object then exercise
(practice) ought to tend. For since it is not possible to have your
desire not disappointed and your aversion free from falling into that
which you would avoid, without great and constant practice, you must
know that if you allow your desire and aversion to turn to things which
are not within the power of the will, you will neither have your desire
capable of attaining your object, nor your aversion free from the power
of avoiding that which you would avoid. And since strong habit leads
(prevails), and we are accustomed to employ desire and aversion only to
things which are not within the power of our will, we ought to oppose
to this habit a contrary habit, and where there is great slipperiness
in the appearances, there to oppose the habit of exercise. Then at
last, if occasion presents itself, for the purpose of trying yourself
at a proper time you will descend into the arena to know if appearances
overpower you as they did formerly. But at first fly far from that
which is stronger than yourself; the contest is unequal between a
charming young girl and a beginner in philosophy. The earthen pitcher,
as the saying is, and the rock do not agree.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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