IN printing this second edition of my little guide-book, I think it will
be found interesting and necessary to leave all the former evidence and
opinions that I collected as to the date of Stonehenge. Since the
excavations in 1901, I think we may consider the age of Stonehenge to be
between three and four thousand years. Mr. W. Gowland judges from the
implements or tools found, Sir Norman Lockyer and Dr. Penrose from
astronomical observations, based on the fact that the avenue (“Viâ
Sacra”) to Stonehenge from the east of the ancients was in a line with
the Altar Stone, so that the sun, rising on the day of the solar
half-year (June 21st) and creeping over the horizon, shed his beams on
the Altar Stone, thus marking the solar half-year. Of course, the east
of the ancients is not our east, but the difference between the position
of the sun _now_ and then to the avenue gives, according to these
gentlemen’s calculations, a date of 3700 years old to Stonehenge.
THE FINDS AT STONEHENGE, 1901.
THE implements found during the excavations made for the underpinning of
the “Leaning Stone” are thus classified by Mr. W. Gowland:—
(1) Haches roughly chipped, longer and shorter. (2) Axe-hammers. (3)
Hammer-stones with blunt edge. The above are of flint. (4) Regular
hammer-stones of compact sarsen. (5) Mauls of the same rock, weighing
from 37 to 64 lbs. each. There were also found chippings from the
monoliths, and, near the surface, coins and animal bones.
Only one trace of copper or bronze occurred other than coins and
superficial finds, a mere strain on a block of sarsen. So we may
consider Stonehenge to belong to the late Neolithic, or early Bronze
Period. These objects have been lent by Sir Edmund Antrobus to the
museum at Devizes for a period of six months.
* * * * *
In the January, 1902, number of _Man_, Mr. W. Gowland’s interesting paper
will be found, describing the excavations, methods of trimming and
erecting the stones practised by the ancients.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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