Belgium -- History; World War, 1914-1918 -- Belgium
Finally peace was concluded in 1305 at Athis-sur-Orge. As a result of
the intrigues of the French agents and the treachery of the Flemish
delegates the conditions were very unfavorable for Flanders. The
new count, Robert of Béthune, wanted peace; he did not care for the
interests of the cities and the victory of the democratic party. The
country was obliged to yield and, in 1319, after a new war, caused
by the intrigues of the French King, was forced to abandon Walloon
Flanders, including the cities of Lille, Douai, and Béthune. As the
county of Artois had already been ceded to France in the time of Philip
August, Flanders possessed no more Walloon territory. It retained only
the old Germanic portions. It was a severe loss, but by that loss
Flanders escaped forever absorption by the French monarchy.
The battle of the Golden Spurs not only had far-reaching results from a
national point of view; it also confirmed the victory of the democratic
elements over the patricians in Flanders. In those Flemish cities where
the latter were masters at the time of the battle they were overthrown
by the craftsmen after the victory. Moreover, the craftsmen of Liège,
in the same year, and under the influence of the defeat of the Flemish
patricians at Courtrai, which taught them that they could win if they
were organized, inaugurated a revolt against the patricians of their
own city. After many years of bloody struggle, they succeeded in
wresting from the bishop-prince, Adolf de la Marck, the Peace of Fexhe,
that practically founded the liberties of Liège. In Brabant, some years
after the battle of Courtrai, in 1306, the craftsmen tried also to
imitate their Flemish brethren but here they were severely defeated.
The movement, however, was now everywhere in full swing. The rights of
the princes were more and more curtailed by the successful revolts of
the craftsmen, and assurances were required that the privileges of the
communes would be respected for all time. These demands resulted in
the appointment of committees, composed of members of the nobility and
members of the cities, the latter preponderating in number, in order
to guarantee the privileges granted the commune at its inception and
those won during the democratic struggles. We find such a committee in
Brabant, where it was called the Council of Cortemberg (1312), and in
the principality of Liège, under the name of Tribunal of the XXII.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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