Belgium -- History; World War, 1914-1918 -- Belgium
Something ought to be said concerning the introduction of the Christian
religion into Belgium. The preaching of the gospel in Belgium goes
back as far as the Roman occupation of the time of the Empire,
but the religious organization of the church in the country dates
from the middle of the fourth century. At that time we find in the
city of Tongres the oldest historically known bishop of Belgium,
St. Servatius. The historical origin of the bishoprics of Arras,
Tournai, Boulogne, Cambrai--all of them at that time in Belgian
territory--remains a matter of conjecture. The baptism of King
Clodovech in 496 made the development of the Christian religion easier,
although the conversion of the King to the Catholic faith did not at
all mean the conversion of the whole people. Large parts of Belgium,
especially the eastern part, remained heathen until the eighth century,
and the introduction of the Christian religion in these sections of
the country is mainly the work of missionaries. These missionaries
worked on their own initiative, without any such prearranged plan
as, for instance, existed for the introduction of Catholicism into
England. It was mainly by Irish and Anglo-Saxon missionaries that the
gospel was made known, and the most famous of those heralds of the
Catholic religion was the Anglo-Saxon missionary Willibrord. The work
of the missionaries was completed by the bishops, who visited large
portions of their very extensive dioceses. Bishops Eligius, Amandus,
Lambert, and Hubert are closely connected with the religious history
of Belgium in the seventh and eighth centuries. The boundaries of the
dioceses corresponded exactly with the limits of the old administrative
circles of the Roman Empire, the provinces. In the eighth century,
Belgium was divided into the dioceses of Noyon-Tournai, Térouanne
(later Saint-Omer), Arras, Cambrai, Liège, and Utrecht. The dioceses of
Utrecht and Liège were subject to the metropolitan church of Cologne,
the others to the metropolitan church of Rheims.
These dioceses had been established without taking into account
the racial differences existing between the inhabitants of the
ecclesiastical territory. Including in the same diocese Gallo-Romans
and Franks, the church, unconsciously of course, prepared the
inhabitants of Belgium for the task of being intermediaries between the
Latin and the Teutonic civilization. The seats of the bishoprics being
mostly located in the Romance section of the country, the inhabitants
of the Teutonic section were obliged to meet the Walloons: they had
the same religious center. As a result of this action of the church,
the national or racial differences were diminished and the linguistic
frontier no more operated as a barrier in any real sense between the
people it separated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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